<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of World History</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of World History</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Всеобщая история</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-8127</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-833X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">38722</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-8127-2024-16-1-18-27</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">GKOYDB</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Modern World</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Современный мир</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Activity of youth movements in Ukraine at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Деятельность молодежных движений на Украине на рубеже XX-XXI веков</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8366-5934</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2905-0930</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Naumov</surname><given-names>Aleksandr Olegovich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наумов</surname><given-names>Александр Олегович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of International Organizations and Global Governance of School of Public Administration</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор исторических наук, доцент кафедры международных организаций и проблем глобального управления факультета государственного управления</p></bio><email>naumovao@my.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 16, NO1 (2024)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 16, №1 (2024)</issue-title><fpage>18</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-04-11"><day>11</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Naumov A.O.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Наумов А.О.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Naumov A.O.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Наумов А.О.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/world-history/article/view/38722">https://journals.rudn.ru/world-history/article/view/38722</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">The purpose of the study is to analyze the evolution of the youth protest movement in Ukraine in the late 1990s - early 2000s. A comparative historical method and an interdisciplinary approach are applied. The author’s scientific contribution consists in the fact that for the first time in Russian historiography, such problems as the role of Ukrainian youth and students in the Revolution on granite and the “Ukraine without Kuchma” campaign are seriously studied, as well as the history of the creation of the youth organization “Pora”, which was destined to play one of the key roles in the Orange revolution in Ukraine at the end of 2004. The author comes to the conclusion that the genesis of the Ukrainian youth protest movement at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries is distinguished by a significant originality, and its result was the emergence of a phenomenon unique for the Ukrainian socio-political space - the organization “Pora”. It is emphasized that this structure was created on the theoretical and practical basis of previous anti-government campaigns, in which Ukrainian youth took a direct part. At the same time, it was guided by the experience of similar foreign movements that had previously successfully applied the methodology of nonviolent struggle against the ruling regimes developed in the West. Like its European associates, “Pora” has made a significant contribution to the victory of the Color revolution in its own state.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Цель исследования - анализ эволюции молодежного протестного движения на Украине в конце 1990-х - начале 2000-х гг. Применены сравнительно-истори- ческий метод и междисциплинарный подход. Научный вклад автора состоит в том, что впервые в отечественной историографии серьезному изучению подвергаются такие проблемы, как роль украинской молодежи и студенчества в «революции на граните» и кампании «Украина без Кучмы», а также история создания молодежной организации «Пора», которой было суждено сыграть одну из ключевых ролей в «оранжевой революции» на Украине в конце 2004 г. Автор приходит к выводу, что генезис украинского молодежного протестного движения на рубеже XX-XXI вв. отличается значительным своеобразием, а его итогом стало появление уникального для общественно-политического пространства Незалежной феномена - организации «Пора». Подчеркнуто, что данная структура была создана на теоретическом и практическом базисе предыдущих антиправительственных кампаний, в которых самое непосредственное участие принимала украинская молодежь. При этом она ориентировалась и на опыт аналогичных зарубежных движений, ранее успешно применивших разработанную на Западе методику ненасильственной борьбы с правящими режимами. Как и ее европейские единомышленники, «Пора» внесла значительный вклад в победу «цветной революции» в собственном государстве.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Revolution on granite</kwd><kwd>Ukraine without Kuchma campaign</kwd><kwd>Color revolutions</kwd><kwd>Orange revolution</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>революция на граните</kwd><kwd>Украина без Кучмы</kwd><kwd>цветные революции</kwd><kwd>оранжевая революция</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research has been supported by the Interdisciplinary Scientific and&#13;
&#13;
Educational School of Moscow University «Preservation of the World Cultural and Historical Heritage».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при поддержке Междисциплинарной научно-образовательной школы Московского университета «Сохранение мирового культурно-исторического наследия».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Revolution in Orange: The Origins of Ukraine’s Democratic Breakthrough. Ed. by A. Åslund, M. McFaul. Washington: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace; 2006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Revolution in Orange: The Origins of Ukraine’s Democratic Breakthrough / ed. by A. Åslund, M. McFaul. Washington: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wilson A. Ukraine’s Orange Revolution. New Haven: Yale University Press; 2005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wilson A. Ukraine’s Orange Revolution. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">«Oranzhevayarevolyuciya». Ukrainskayaversiya: Sbornik [The Orange Revolution. Ukrainian version: Collection]. Sost. M.B. Pogrebinskij. Moscow: EvropaPublishing House; 2005. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">«Оранжевая революция». Украинская версия: Сборник / Сост. М.Б. Погребинский. Москва: Европа, 2005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Naumova AYu. «Oranzhevayarevolyuciya» v Ukraine [The Orange Revolution in Ukraine]. Moscow: MAKS PressPublishing House; 2011. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Наумова А.Ю. «Оранжевая революция» в Украине. Москва: МАКС Пресс, 2011.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Naumov AO., Demin DV. Rol’ molodezhnojorganizacii «Otpor» v«cvetnojrevolyucii» vSerbii [The role of the youth organization «Otpor» in the Color revolution in Serbia].Vopro syistorii. 2022;(1/2):4–18. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31166/VoprosyIstorii202201Statyi74</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Наумов А.О., Демин Д.В. Роль молодежной организации «Отпор» в «цветной революции» в Сербии // Вопросы истории. 2022. № 1 (2). С. 4-18. https://doi.org/10.31166/VoprosyIstorii202201Statyi74</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Naumov AO., Dubinkina KA. Rol’ molodezhnoj organizacii «Kmara» v podgotovke i osushchestvlenii «revolyuciiroz» v Gruzii [The role of the youth organization «Kmara» in the preparation and implementation of the Rose revolution in Georgia]. Diskurs-Pi. 2023;(1):107–123. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Наумов А.О., Дубинкина К.А. Роль молодежной организации «Кмара» в подготовке и осуществлении «революции роз» в Грузии // Дискурс-Пи. 2023. № 1. С. 107-123.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuzio T. Ukraine: Perestroika to Independence. London: Macmillan Press LTD; 2000.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuzio T. Ukraine: Perestroika to Independence. London: Macmillan Press LTD, 2000.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nikolayenko O. Youth Movements and Elections in Eastern Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nikolayenko O. Youth Movements and Elections in Eastern Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Postanovaverhovnoiradiukrains’koi PCP pro rozglyadvimog studentіv, yakіprovodyat’ goloduvannya m. Kiєvі z 2 zhovtnya 1990 roku 17 zhovtnya 1990 rіk [Resolution of the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian SSR on consideration of demands of students who have been on hunger strike in Kiev since October 2, 1990 October 17, 1990]. LIGA360. URL: https://ips.ligazakon.net/document/T040200 (Accessed: 24.08.2023). (In Ukr.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Постанова верховної ради української PCP про розгляд вимог студентів, які проводять голодування м. Києві з 2 жовтня 1990 року 17 жовтня 1990 рік // LIGA360. URL: https://ips.ligazakon.net/document/T040200 (дата обращения: 24.08.2023).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ukraina bez Kuchmy. God oranzhevoj vlasti. Yanvar’ 2005 — mart 2006 goda [Ukraine without Kuchma. The year of Orange power. January 2005–March 2006]. Sost. M. Pogrebinskij M., A. Tolpygo. Kiev: OptimaPublishing House, 2007. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Украина без Кучмы. Год оранжевой власти. Январь 2005 - март 2006 года / сост. М. Погребинский, А. Толпыго. Киев: Optima, 2007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Colin M. The Time of the Rebels. Youth Resistance Movements and 21st Century Revolutions. London: Serpent’s Tail; 2007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Colin M. The Time of the Rebels. Youth Resistance Movements and 21st Century Revolutions. London: Serpent’s Tail, 2007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuzio T. Civil Society, Youth and Societal Mobilization in Democratic Revolutions. Communist and Post-Communist Studies. 2006;39(3):365–386.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuzio T. Civil Society, Youth and Societal Mobilization in Democratic Revolutions // Communist and Post-Communist Studies. 2006. No 39 (3). P. 365-386.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharp G. Otdiktatury k demokratii [From dictatorship to democracy]. Ekaterinburg: Ul’tra. Kul’tura; 2005. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шарп Дж. От диктатуры к демократии. Екатеринбург: Ультра. Культура, 2005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Duda A. «WHEN «IT’S TIME» TO SAY «ENOUGH!». Youth Activism before and during the Rose and Orange Revolutions in Georgia and Ukraine: a thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of doctor of philosophy. Centre for Russian and East European Studies the University of Birmingham. March 2010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Duda A. «WHEN «IT’S TIME» TO SAY «ENOUGH!». Youth Activism before and during the Rose and Orange Revolutions in Georgia and Ukraine: a thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of doctor of philosophy // Centre for Russian and East European Studies the University of Birmingham. March 2010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borovik VA. Poraperemagati [It’s time to win]. Kharkiv: FolioPublishing House; 2006. (In Ukr.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Боровик В.А. Пора перемагати. Харкiв: Фолiо, 2006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaskiv V., Chupryna I., Zolotariov Y. It’s Time! Pora and the Orange Revolution in Ukraine. Reclaiming Democracy. Civil Society and Electoral Change in Central and Eastern Europe. In Forbrig J., Demes P. editors. — Washington: The German Marshall Fund of the United States; 2007, p. 27–151.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaskiv V., Chupryna I., Zolotariov Y. It’s Time! Pora and the Orange Revolution in Ukraine // Reclaiming Democracy. Civil Society and Electoral Change in Central and Eastern Europe / Ed. by J. Forbrig, and P. Demes. Washington: The German Marshall Fund of the United States, 2007. P. 127-151.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Demes P., Forbrig J. Pora — “It`s Time” For Democracy In Ukraine. Revolution in Orange: the Origins of Ukraine’s Democratic Breakthrough. In Åslund A., McFaul M. Washington: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace; 2006, p. 85–101.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Demes P., Forbrig J. Pora - “It`s Time” For Democracy In Ukraine // Revolution in Orange: the Origins of Ukraine’s Democratic Breakthrough / Ed. by A. Åslund and M. McFaul. Washington: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2006. P. 85-101.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
