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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of World History</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of World History</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Всеобщая история</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-8127</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-833X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">30333</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-8127-2022-14-1-7-19</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Religion and Politics in the Middle East</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Религия и политика в странах Ближнего Востока</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Caliphate in the Ideological Dialogue of the Islamic World: The Case of Pan-Islamic Congress in Cairo (1926)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Халифат в идейном диалоге стран распространения ислама: опыт панисламского конгресса 1926 г. в Каире</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirillina</surname><given-names>Svetlana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кириллина</surname><given-names>Светлана Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D.Sc. (History), Professor, Head of Department of Middle and Near East History</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор исторических наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой истории стран Ближнего и Среднего Востока</p></bio><email>s.kirillina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Safronova</surname><given-names>Alexandra L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафронова</surname><given-names>Александра Львовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D.Sc. (History), Professor, Head of Department of South Asian History</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор исторических наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой истории Южной Азии</p></bio><email>al-safr@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlov</surname><given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлов</surname><given-names>Владимир Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D.Sc. (History), Professor, Department of Middle and Near East History, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University; Senior Research Fellow, Centre of Arab and Islamic Studies, Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор исторических наук, профессор кафедры истории стран Ближнего и Среднего Востока, Институт стран Азии и Африки, Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова; ведущий научный сотрудник Центра арабских и исламских исследований Института востоковедения РАН</p></bio><email>alsavlor@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Asian and African Studies, Lomonosov State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт стран Азии и Африки Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Oriental Studies Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт востоковедения РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-02-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Middle East: History, Religion, Politics</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Ближний Восток: история, религия, политика</issue-title><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-02-26"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Kirillina S.A., Safronova A.L., Orlov V.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Кириллина С.А., Сафронова А.Л., Орлов В.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kirillina S.A., Safronova A.L., Orlov V.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кириллина С.А., Сафронова А.Л., Орлов В.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/world-history/article/view/30333">https://journals.rudn.ru/world-history/article/view/30333</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">The article analyses the historical role and typological features of the movements for defense of the Caliphate that arose in various parts of the Muslim world as a result of the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the abolition of the Caliphate. The liquidation of the Ottoman Caliphate in 1924 by the Republican leadership of Turkey put again on the agenda the question of the Muslim unity and transregional cooperation. The authors focus on the new round of socio-political discussions about the unity of the Ummah and the future fate of the Caliphate. The extensive dialogue of the defenders of the idea of Caliphate and supporters of its restoration from different Islamic countries led to the emergence of various ideological approaches to this issue which reflected regional specifics in the interpretation of the essence of this institution in the Middle East, North Africa, and South Asia. Using the vivid example of the Pan-Islamic Congress for the Caliphate in Cairo (1926), the article examines the reasons for disagreements in the political, religious and philosophical matters among the advocates of Caliphate from the main Islamic regions. The article focuses on the difficulties faced by the Islamic thinkers - supporters of the Caliphate in the drastically changed conditions of world geopolitics and the wide spread of ideas of secular statehood. The article investigates the historical and cultural origins of interest in the concepts of the Caliphate among Muslims in various parts of the Islamic world. The article also explores various types of reactions of Muslims in the Middle East, North Africa and South Asia to the repudiation of the Caliphate by the Republican Turkey.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Статья посвящена анализу исторической роли и типологических особенностей халифатистских движений, возникших в различных частях мусульманского мира в связи с крахом Османской империи и упразднением халифата. Ликвидация османского халифата в 1924 г. республиканским руководством Турции по-новому поставила в мусульманском мире вопрос о контурах идеи мусульманской общности. Авторы фокусируют внимание на развернувшиеся в этой связи общественно-политические дискуссии о единстве уммы и будущей судьбе халифата. В идейном диалоге защитников идеи халифата различных стран распространения ислама проявились идеологические подходы сторонников его возрождения, связанные как с региональными особенностями, так и со спецификой трактовки института халифата на Ближнем Востоке, в Северной Африке, в Южной Азии. На конкретном примере Всеобщего исламского конгресса за халифат в Каире (1926 г.) в статье анализируются причины отсутствия единства в вопросах преемственности политических и религиозно-философских позиций халифатистов основных ареалов распространения ислама. Статья демонстрирует трудности, вставшие на пути идеологов, ратовавших за халифат, в изменившихся условиях мировой геополитики и распространения идей секулярной государственности. В статье также изучены историко-культурные истоки интереса к концепциям халифата у мусульман различных регионов мира ислама и выявлены различные типы реакции мусульман Ближнего Востока, Северной Африки и Южной Азии на упразднение османского халифата.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Caliphate</kwd><kwd>Pan-Islamic congress</kwd><kwd>Middle East</kwd><kwd>North Africa</kwd><kwd>South Asia</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>халифат</kwd><kwd>панисламский конгресс</kwd><kwd>Ближний Восток</kwd><kwd>Северная Африка</kwd><kwd>Южная Азия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sékaly A. Le Congrès du Khalifat (Le Caire, 13–19 mai 1926) et le Congrès du Monde Musulman (la Mekke, 7 juin – 5 juillet 1926). Paris: Leroux; 1926.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sékaly A. 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