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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Строительная механика инженерных конструкций и сооружений</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1815-5235</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-8700</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">53143</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/1815-5235-2026-22-4-348-367</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">LPXPJK</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Analytical and numerical methods of analysis of structures</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Аналитические и численные методы расчета конструкций</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Comparative Analysis of Linear and Nonlinear Calculation of the Load-Bearing Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Frames in Multi-Storey Buildings</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнительный анализ линейного и нелинейного расчета железобетонного каркаса многоэтажного здания</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7445-2163</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyak</surname><given-names>Anastasia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беляк</surname><given-names>Анастасия Витальевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>master student of the Department of Construction Technology and Structural Materials, Academy of Engineering</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>магистрант кафедры технологий строительства и конструкционных материалов, инженерная академия</p></bio><email>anastasia.vit.bel.work@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2206-2563</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2021-6966</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rynkovskaya</surname><given-names>Marina I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рынковская</surname><given-names>Марина Игоревна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Construction Technology and Structural Materials, Academy of Engineering</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры технологий строительства и конструкционных материалов, инженерная академия</p></bio><email>marine_step@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9669-6177</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dabi</surname><given-names>Gizachew M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Даби</surname><given-names>Гизачеу Мегерса</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student and assistant of the Department of Construction Technology and Structural Materials, Academy of Engineering, RUDN University; Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering, Arba Minch University</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, ассистент кафедры технологий строительства и конструкционных материалов, инженерная академия, Российский университет дружбы народов</p></bio><email>gizex09@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6536-006X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasibullina</surname><given-names>Leysan R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насибуллина</surname><given-names>Лейсан Рамилевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>master student of the Department of Construction Technology and Structural Materials, Academy of Engineering</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>магистрант кафедры технологий строительства и конструкционных материалов, инженерная академия</p></bio><email>nas5505@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2902-4279</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lei</surname><given-names>Bin</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лей</surname><given-names>Бин</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Professor, Deputy director of School of Infrastructure Engineering</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, профессор, заместитель директора школы инженерной инфраструктуры</p></bio><email>blei@ncu.edu.cn</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0204-9924</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ning</surname><given-names>Li</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нин</surname><given-names>Ли</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Distinguished research fellow, School of Infrastructure Engineering</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, заслуженный научный сотрудник школы инженерной инфраструктуры</p></bio><email>ningli0908@ncu.edu.cn</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Arba Minch University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Арба Минч</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Nanchang University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Наньчанский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-10-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 22, NO4 (2025)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 22, №4 (2025)</issue-title><fpage>348</fpage><lpage>367</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-10-29"><day>29</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Belyak A.V., Rynkovskaya M.I., Dabi G.M., Nasibullina L.R., Lei B., Ning L.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Беляк А.В., Рынковская М.И., Даби Г.М., Насибуллина Л.Р., Лей Б., Нин Л.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belyak A.V., Rynkovskaya M.I., Dabi G.M., Nasibullina L.R., Lei B., Ning L.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Беляк А.В., Рынковская М.И., Даби Г.М., Насибуллина Л.Р., Лей Б., Нин Л.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/structural-mechanics/article/view/53143">https://journals.rudn.ru/structural-mechanics/article/view/53143</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Reinforced concrete frame systems are widely used in multi-storey residential and public buildings due to their structural efficiency, durability, fire resistance, and architectural flexibility. However, increasing building height, longer spans, complex planning solutions, and stricter serviceability requirements make structural behavior increasingly sensitive to cracking, stiffness degradation and second-order effects, and a purely linear analysis may no longer adequately describe the real behavior of the system. This study presents a comparative analysis of linear and nonlinear calculations of an RC multi-storey frame. Three parametric models with heights of 36 m, 75 m, and 102 m (12, 25, and 34 storeys) with identical plan dimensions of 18×18 m were analyzed using LIRA-SAPR 2024 (Commercial License), Commercial License using five analysis variants: linear with initial stiffness, linear with code-recommended stiffness reduction, physically nonlinear, geometrically nonlinear and combined (physical + geometric) nonlinear. Structural response was evaluated in terms of internal forces, slab force redistribution, lateral displacements, and serviceability deflections. The results demonstrated that the influence of nonlinear effects increased with building height and structural flexibility. Physical nonlinearity associated with crack-induced stiffness degradation was identified as the dominant source of variation between linear and nonlinear analyses, while geometric nonlinearity became increasingly significant when combined with second-order (P-Δ) effects. Combined nonlinear analysis produced substantial redistribution of internal forces, with support slab moments decreasing by 33-89% and significant changes observed in column forces and lateral displacements. The findings highlight the importance of accounting for both material and geometric nonlinearities in the analysis of medium- and high-rise RC frame-core buildings and provide practical recommendations regarding the selection of appropriate analysis methods for structural design.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Железобетонные каркасные системы широко применяются в многоэтажных жилых и общественных зданиях благодаря своей конструктивной эффективности, долговечности, огнестойкости и архитектурной гибкости. Однако увеличение высоты зданий, пролетов, усложнение объемно-планировочных решений и повышение требований по эксплуатационной пригодности все в большей степени повышают восприимчивость конструкций к трещинообразованию, снижению жесткости и эффектам второго порядка, вследствие чего линейный расчет не всегда способен достаточно точно описать их реальную работу. Авторами выполнен сравнительный анализ линейных и нелинейных расчетов многоэтажного железобетонного каркаса. Рассмотрены три параметрические модели высотой 36, 75 и 102 м (12, 25 и 34 этажа соответственно) с одинаковыми размерами плана 18×18 м. Расчеты выполнены в программном комплексе LIRA-SAPR 2024 (Commercial License) с использованием пяти расчетных схем: линейный расчет с начальной жесткостью, линейный расчет с нормативным снижением жесткости, физически нелинейный расчет, геометрически нелинейный расчет и комбинированный нелинейный расчет, учитывающий одновременно физическую и геометрическую нелинейность. Оценка работы конструкций выполнялась по внутренним усилиям, перераспределению усилий в плитах перекрытий, горизонтальным перемещениям и прогибам по предельным состояниям второй группы. Результаты показали, что влияние нелинейных эффектов возрастает с увеличением высоты здания и его гибкости. Установлено, что физическая нелинейность, связанная с трещинообразованием и снижением жесткости, является основным источником различий между линейными и нелинейными расчетами, тогда как влияние геометрической нелинейности существенно возрастает при совместном учете эффектов второго порядка (P-Δ). Комбинированный нелинейный расчет приводит к значительному перераспределению внутренних усилий, при котором опорные моменты в плитах перекрытий уменьшаются на 33-89 %, а также наблюдаются существенные изменения усилий в колоннах и горизонтальных перемещений здания. Полученные результаты подтверждают необходимость учета как физической, так и геометрической нелинейности при анализе железобетонных каркасно-стеновых зданий средней и большой этажности и позволяют сформулировать практические рекомендации по выбору расчетных подходов при проектировании.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>physical nonlinearity</kwd><kwd>geometric nonlinearity</kwd><kwd>second-order effects</kwd><kwd>stiffness degradation</kwd><kwd>force redistribution</kwd><kwd>finite element modeling</kwd><kwd>serviceability limit state</kwd><kwd>ultimate limit state</kwd><kwd>(P-Δ) effects</kwd><kwd>frame-core system</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>физическая нелинейность</kwd><kwd>геометрическая нелинейность</kwd><kwd>эффекты второго порядка</kwd><kwd>снижение жесткости</kwd><kwd>перераспределение усилий</kwd><kwd>конечно-элементное моделирование</kwd><kwd>предельное состояние по пригодности к эксплуатации</kwd><kwd>предельное состояние по несущей способности</kwd><kwd>эффекты (P-Δ)</kwd><kwd>каркасно-стеновая система</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Doğan TP, Erkan IH. 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