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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Строительная механика инженерных конструкций и сооружений</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1815-5235</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-8700</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">50720</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/1815-5235-2025-22-1-39-52</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">IFEHZJ</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Analysis and design of building structures</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Расчет и проектирование строительных конструкций</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Rational Outline of Timber Beams</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональное очертание деревянных балок</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5262-6609</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4089-7216</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lisyatnikov</surname><given-names>Mikhail S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лисятников</surname><given-names>Михаил Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Building Structures</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры строительных конструкций</p></bio><email>mlisyatnikov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3011-7883</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8623-6207</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Repin</surname><given-names>Alexander V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Репин</surname><given-names>Александр Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student, Department of Building Structures</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент, кафедра строительных конструкций</p></bio><email>avlr@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8678-1121</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5134-7370</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Terentyev</surname><given-names>Kirill M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терентьев</surname><given-names>Кирилл Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate student, Assistant of the Department of Building Structures</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, ассистент кафедры строительных конструкций</p></bio><email>terenzeret@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0356-1383</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4159-8636</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Roshchina</surname><given-names>Svetlana I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рощина</surname><given-names>Светлана Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Building Structures</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой строительных конструкций</p></bio><email>rsi3@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Владимирский государственный университет им. А.Г. и Н.Г. Столетовых</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-16" publication-format="electronic"><day>16</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>52</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-06-19"><day>19</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Lisyatnikov M.S., Repin A.V., Terentyev K.M., Roshchina S.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Лисятников М.С., Репин А.В., Терентьев К.М., Рощина С.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lisyatnikov M.S., Repin A.V., Terentyev K.M., Roshchina S.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лисятников М.С., Репин А.В., Терентьев К.М., Рощина С.И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/structural-mechanics/article/view/50720">https://journals.rudn.ru/structural-mechanics/article/view/50720</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Timber structures, in particular glued laminated beams, have a number of advantages that contribute to their wide use in industrial and civil construction. The development and research of design solutions that utilize the strength properties of structural timber more efficiently is a key area for improving the performance of timber structures. The object of this study is a timber beam of rectangular cross-section loaded with a uniformly distributed load, the outline of which is based on the uniform-strength trajectories of beams in bending and horizontal shear. The construction of the outline of rational timber beams (RTB) was based on determining the coordinates of nodal points by constructing straight lines tangent to the contour of a beam of uniform strength. The RTB is a beam with a zone of constant rigidity in the middle of the span and undercuts in the support zones. The purpose of this approach was to create a resource-efficient beam structure made of glued timber, characterized by lower material consumption compared to beams of constant cross-section height along the entire span, as well as relative ease of manufacturing. The results of the study show that the relative values of the RTB parameters, such as: the height of the support section relative to the maximum height of the section h sup/ h , the length of the undercut relative to the span l cut/ L and the angle of the undercut acut, depend only on the ratio of the maximum height of the section to the span h / L . The change in the width of the section b and the value of the external load q have no effect on them. The theoretical savings of structural timber of grades 1 and 2 are 6.2%...18.3%.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Деревянные конструкции, в частности дощатоклееные балки, обладают рядом достоинств, способствующих их широкому применению в промышленном и гражданском строительстве. Разработка и исследование конструктивных решений, позволяющих более рационально использовать прочностные характеристики конструкционной древесины, являются одним из актуальных направлений повышения эксплуатационных качеств деревянных конструкций. Объект исследования - деревянные балки прямоугольного сечения, загруженные равномерно распределенной нагрузкой, очертание которых построено на основе траекторий равнопрочности балок при изгибе и скалывании. Построение очертания рациональных деревянных балок (РДБ) основывалось на определении координат узловых точек путем построения прямых, касательных к контуру равнопрочной балки. РДБ представляет собой балку с участком постоянной жесткости в середине пролета и подрезками в опорных зонах. Целью такого подхода являлось создание ресурсоэффективной балочной конструкции из клееной древесины, отличающейся меньшей материалоемкостью по сравнению с балками постоянной высоты сечения по всей длине пролета, а также относительной простотой исполнения. Результаты исследования показывают, что относительные значения параметров РДБ, такие как высота опорного сечения относительно максимальной высоты сечения h sup/ h , длина подрезки относительно пролета l cut/ L и угол подрезки acut, зависят только от соотношения максимальной высоты сечения к пролету h / L . Изменение же ширины сечения b и значения внешней нагрузки q никакого влияния на них не оказывают. Теоретическая экономия конструкционной древесины 1 и 2-го сортов составляет 6.2 %...18.3 %.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>timber beams of variable rigidity</kwd><kwd>timber beams of uniform strength</kwd><kwd>timber beams of rational outline</kwd><kwd>resource-efficient timber beams</kwd><kwd>structural timber saving</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>деревянные балки переменной жесткости</kwd><kwd>равнопрочные деревянные балки</kwd><kwd>деревянные балки рационального очертания</kwd><kwd>ресурсоэффективные деревянные балки</kwd><kwd>экономия конструкционной древесины</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания в сфере научной деятельности Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (тема FZUN-2024-0004, госзадание ВлГУ)</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">The study was conducted under the state assignment in the field of scientific activity of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (topic FZUN-2024-0004, state assignment of the Vladimir State University)</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zapoev M.A., Romanov N.P., Belyaeva S.V. 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