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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Строительная механика инженерных конструкций и сооружений</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1815-5235</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-8700</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">45215</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/1815-5235-2025-21-2-83-95</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">MOLUMW</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Analysis and design of building structures</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Расчет и проектирование строительных конструкций</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Finite Element for the Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Non-Uniform Steel Fiber Reinforcement</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Конечный элемент для расчета неоднородно-армированных сталефибробетонных балок</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3967-2114</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9203-1434</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Markovich</surname><given-names>Alexey S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркович</surname><given-names>Алексей Семенович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Construction Technology and Structural Materials, Academy of Engineering, RUDN University; Associate professor of the Department of Fundamental Education, National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук, доцент кафедры технологий строительства и конструкционных материалов, инженерная академия, Российский университет дружбы народов; доцент кафедры фундаментального образования, Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет</p></bio><email>markovich-as@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1749-5797</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2422-0104</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Agapov</surname><given-names>Vladimir P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агапов</surname><given-names>Владимир Павлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Construction Technology and Structural Materials, Academy of Engineering</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук, профессор кафедры технологий строительства и конструкционных материалов, инженерная академия</p></bio><email>agapovpb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0835-528X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1276-6516</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Golishevskaia</surname><given-names>Darya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голишевская</surname><given-names>Дарья Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Technical Sciences, Assistant of the Department of Construction Technology and Structural Materials, Academy of Engineering</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, ассистент кафедры технологий строительства и конструкционных материалов</p></bio><email>miloserdova-da@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-07-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>83</fpage><lpage>95</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-07-23"><day>23</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Markovich A.S., Agapov V.P., Golishevskaia D.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Маркович А.С., Агапов В.П., Голишевская Д.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Markovich A.S., Agapov V.P., Golishevskaia D.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Маркович А.С., Агапов В.П., Голишевская Д.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/structural-mechanics/article/view/45215">https://journals.rudn.ru/structural-mechanics/article/view/45215</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A method has been developed for calculating and constructing a physically nonlinear finite element of a multilayer reinforcement beam, which allows to calculate the values of displacements, strains and stresses in a characteristic layer. To establish the actual stress-strain state of bent heterogeneous fiber reinforced concrete elements, an experimental study of a steel-fiber-concrete beam with non-uniform fiber reinforcement along the cross-section height (from 0.5 to 2.0%) was carried out. Strains and displacements of the beam at characteristic points are determined, and normal tensile and compressive stresses are obtained. The experimental data obtained were used to verify the finite element of the multilayer reinforcement beam. The developed finite element of the beam was based on the modified theory of calculation of multilayer beams proposed by P.M. Varvak. The multilayer beam model takes into account the curvature of the cross section under the action of shear stresses by including the generalized component of shear strain in the functional of the total potential energy. In addition to the experimental data, nonlinear analysis of a multilayer beam was performed in the Ansys software package. The discrepancy between the calculation results using the developed finite element and the experimental data ranged from 6 to 11%, and from 11 to 15% with the calculation results obtained in Ansys. The developed finite element is integrated into the PRINCE computing complex, and as part of this program it can be used to calculate heterogeneous fiber-reinforced elements.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Разработана методика расчета и построения физически нелинейного конечного элемента балки многослойного армирования, позволяющего вычислять значения перемещений, деформаций и напряжений в характерном слое. Для установки действительного напряженно-деформированного состояния изгибаемых неоднородных дисперсно-армированных бетонных элементов проведено экспериментальное исследование сталефибробетонной балки с неравномерным по высоте сечения фибровым армированием (от 0,5 до 2,0 %). Определены деформации и перемещения балки в характерных точках, а также получены нормальные растягивающие и сжимающие напряжения. Полученные экспериментальные данные были использованы для верификации конечного элемента балки многослойного армирования. Разработанный конечный элемент балки основан на модифицированной теории расчета многослойных балок, предложенной П.М. Варваком. Модель многослойной балки учитывает искривление поперечного сечения при действии касательных напряжений за счет включения в функционал полной потенциальной энергии обобщенного компонента деформации сдвига. В дополнение к экспериментальным данным выполнены нелинейные расчеты многослойной балки в программном комплексе Ansys. Расхождение результатов расчета при использовании разработанного конечного элемента с экспериментальными данными составило от 6 до 11 %, а с результатами расчетов, полученных в Ansys, - от 11 до 15 %. Разработанный конечный элемент интегрирован в вычислительный комплекс ПРИНС, и в составе этой программы может быть использован для расчета неоднородных дисперсно-армированных элементов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>finite element method</kwd><kwd>multi-layered beam</kwd><kwd>non-uniform reinforcement</kwd><kwd>stress-strain state</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метод конечных элементов</kwd><kwd>сталефибробетон</kwd><kwd>многослойная балка</kwd><kwd>неравномерное армирование</kwd><kwd>напряженно-деформированное состояние</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zienkiewicz O.C., Taylor R.L. The Finite Element for Solid and Structural Mechanics. Sixth edition. McGraw-Hill; 2005. http://doi.org/10.1016/B978-075066431-8/50186-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zienkiewicz O.C., Taylor R.L. 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