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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Строительная механика инженерных конструкций и сооружений</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1815-5235</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-8700</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">44565</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/1815-5235-2025-21-1-71-80</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">JBRCPR</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Experimental researches</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Applicability of Strain Gauge Methods for Experimental Determination of Operating Stress of Construction, Road and Agricultural Machines Attached to Tractors</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Применимость тензометрических методов для экспериментального определения нагруженности строительных, дорожных и сельскохозяйственных машин, агрегатируемых с тракторами</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3077-6622</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8413-5020</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogachev</surname><given-names>Aleksey F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогачев</surname><given-names>Алексей Фруминович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D.Sc. (Technology), Professor, Department of Mathematical Modeling and Informatics, Volgograd State Agrarian University; Professor of the Department of Information Systems in Economics, Volgograd State Technical University</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук, профессор кафедры математического моделирования и информатики, Волгоградский государственный аграрный университет; профессор кафедры информационных систем в экономике, Волгоградский государственный технический университет</p></bio><email>rafr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0573-5829</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9755-0706</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karsakov</surname><given-names>Anatoly A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карсаков</surname><given-names>Анатолий Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of Laboratory of Technical Systems in Agricultural Industry</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, заведующий лабораторией кафедры технических систем в АПК</p></bio><email>karsakov.anatol.57@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6031-8528</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Martynov</surname><given-names>Anatoly A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартынов</surname><given-names>Анатолий Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student, Engineering and Technology Faculty</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент инженерно-технологического факультета</p></bio><email>azazkabest@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Volgograd State Agrarian University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Волгоградский государственный аграрный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Volgograd State Technical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Волгоградский государственный технический университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-06-11"><day>11</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Rogachev A.F., Karsakov A.A., Martynov A.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Рогачев А.Ф., Карсаков А.А., Мартынов А.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rogachev A.F., Karsakov A.A., Martynov A.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рогачев А.Ф., Карсаков А.А., Мартынов А.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/structural-mechanics/article/view/44565">https://journals.rudn.ru/structural-mechanics/article/view/44565</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The operating stress of construction, road and agricultural machines is determined during experimental and factory tests using force sensors. The aim of the research is to improve the methods of experimental determination of horizontal forces transferred by mobile implements using strain gauges combined with the elements of fastening of technological machines. The stress-strain state and deformations of measuring strain gauges at their different arrangements on strain gauge pins of circular cross-section are considered. When determining the horizontal load on the vehicle with the use of pre-calibrated strain gauge pins, it was experimentally established that the mentioned strain gauges can additionally react to the vertical load, which leads to the emergence of systematic errors in estimating the horizontal load. To eliminate this, it is proposed that before the main calibration of the horizontal force sensors, it is necessary to pre-determine the position at which the calibrated strain gauge will not respond to the vertical force, by rotating it relative to the longitudinal axis and then ensuring fixation in this position. The influence of axial forces on strain gauge pins, picked up by the strain gauges, can also lead to distortion of the stress field in the body of the strain gauge. Taking into account this influence on the strain gauge pins requires additional experimental studies.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Силовая нагруженность строительных, дорожных и сельскохозяйственных машин определяется во время экспериментально-производственных испытаний с использованием датчиков усилий. Цель исследования - совершенствование методов экспериментального определения горизонтальных усилий, передаваемых в мобильных агрегатах с применением тензометрических датчиков, совмещаемых с элементами крепления технологических машин. Рассмотрены напряженно-деформируемое состояние и деформации измерительных тензорезисторов при различных схемах их расположения на тензометрических пальцах круглого сечения. При определении горизонтальной нагрузки на транспортное средство с использованием предварительно калибруемых тензометрических пальцев экспериментально установлено, что упомянутые тензорезисторы могут дополнительно реагировать и на вертикальную нагрузку, что приводит к появлению систематических погрешностей при оценке горизонтальной нагрузки. Для устранения этого явления предложено перед проведением основной калибровки датчиков горизонтального усилия предварительно определить положение, при котором калибруемый тензодатчик не будет реагировать на вертикальное усилие путем его поворота относительно продольной оси с последующим обеспечением фиксации в этом положении. Влияние осевых усилий на тензометрические пальцы, воспринимаемых тензорезисторами, также может приводить к искажению поля напряжений в теле тензопальца, учет влияния которого на тензометрические пальцы требует проведения дополнительных экспериментальных исследований.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>construction and road machines</kwd><kwd>horizontal load</kwd><kwd>loading</kwd><kwd>experimental determination</kwd><kwd>strain gauge pins</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>строительные и дорожные машины</kwd><kwd>горизонтальная нагрузка</kwd><kwd>нагруженность</kwd><kwd>экспериментальное определение</kwd><kwd>тензометрические пальцы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cheremnykh S.V. Theoretical and experimental modeling of deformation of a cylindrical shell made of 45 steel under complex loading. 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