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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Строительная механика инженерных конструкций и сооружений</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1815-5235</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-8700</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">43687</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/1815-5235-2024-20-6-593-612</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">DKACDV</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Analysis and design of building structures</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Расчет и проектирование строительных конструкций</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Injection Technologies for Elimination of Karst-Suffosion Hazard and Soil Subsidence in the Foundation of Buildings and Structures</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инъекционные технологии для устранения карстово-суффозионной опасности и просадочности грунтов в основании зданий и сооружений</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0521-9404</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharchenko</surname><given-names>Igor Ya.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харченко</surname><given-names>Игорь Яковлевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Advisor of RAASN, Professor of Department of Bridges and Tunnels</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>советник РААСН, доктор технических наук, профессор кафедры мостов и тоннелей</p></bio><email>iharcenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3850-4285</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharchenko</surname><given-names>Alexey I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харченко</surname><given-names>Алексей Игоревич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Technical Sciences, Director</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, директор</p></bio><email>greenstone236@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9538-6088</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1223-1280</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Panchenko</surname><given-names>Alexander I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панченко</surname><given-names>Александр Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Building Materials Science</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук, профессор кафедры строительного материаловедения</p></bio><email>alex250354@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8407-8144</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4425-5045</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Erofeev</surname><given-names>Vladimir T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерофеев</surname><given-names>Владимир Трофимович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Academician of RAASN</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>академик РААСН, доктор технических наук, профессор кафедры строительного материаловедения</p></bio><email>erofeevvt@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6193-0928</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1454-1154</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirsayapov</surname><given-names>Ilizar T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирсаяпов</surname><given-names>Илизар Талгатович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Corresponding Member of RAASN, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Foundations of Structural Dynamics and Engineering Geology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>член-корреспондент РААСН, доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой оснований фундаментов динамики сооружений и инженерной геологии</p></bio><email>mirsayapov1@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0874-316X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3825-6514</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khozin</surname><given-names>Vadim G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хозин</surname><given-names>Вадим Григорьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Technology of Building Materials, Products and Structures</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой технологии строительных материалов, изделий и конструкций</p></bio><email>khozin.vadim@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1773-6095</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5316-5749</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarakanov</surname><given-names>Oleg V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тараканов</surname><given-names>Олег Вячеславович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Territory Management</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук, профессор, декан факультета управления территориями</p></bio><email>tarov60@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6956-6010</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8036-3974</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zavalishin</surname><given-names>Evgeny V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Завалишин</surname><given-names>Евгений Васильевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Engineering and Computer Graphics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой инженерной и компьютерной графики</p></bio><email>evaz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian University of Transport</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет транспорта</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">JSC “Rossevzapzastroy”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ОАО «Россевзапстрой»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Penza State University of Architecture and Construction</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Пензенский государственный университет архитектуры и строительства</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.P. Ogarev Mordovia State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Мордовский государственный университет им. Н.П. Огарёва</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>593</fpage><lpage>612</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-04-06"><day>06</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Kharchenko I.Y., Kharchenko A.I., Panchenko A.I., Erofeev V.T., Mirsayapov I.T., Khozin V.G., Tarakanov O.V., Zavalishin E.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Харченко И.Я., Харченко А.И., Панченко А.И., Ерофеев В.Т., Мирсаяпов И.Т., Хозин В.Г., Тараканов О.В., Завалишин Е.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kharchenko I.Y., Kharchenko A.I., Panchenko A.I., Erofeev V.T., Mirsayapov I.T., Khozin V.G., Tarakanov O.V., Zavalishin E.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Харченко И.Я., Харченко А.И., Панченко А.И., Ерофеев В.Т., Мирсаяпов И.Т., Хозин В.Г., Тараканов О.В., Завалишин Е.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/structural-mechanics/article/view/43687">https://journals.rudn.ru/structural-mechanics/article/view/43687</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>It is shown that the installation of cutoff walls (CW) using various drilling and injection technologies should be considered as the most effective method to protect against the development of karst-suffosion hazard during construction and operation of transportation and other structures. Depending on geotechnical and hydrogeological conditions at the future construction site, it is possible to use various mixtures based on polymers, liquid glass, etc., for CW construction and elimination of karst unconsolidation. It is shown that polymeric impregnation compositions are effective for the accelerated option of increasing the bearing capacity of soils, and the use of compositions based on liquid glass allows to increase biologic resistance. The use of jet grouting technology, collar technology or their combination is also effective. It is reasonable to use mineral-based special injection mixtures for compaction and hardening of karst rocks. These mineral-based special injection mixtures are more technologically advanced, and the soil cement of CW and compacted karst rocks is more durable compared to soil compacted with polymer-based or liquid glass injection mixtures. An effective injection mixture for CW installation for protection against karst-suffosion hazard is the “PFS+” injection mixture, which should be considered as an alternative to injection mixtures based on bentonite, polymers or liquid glass. Taking into account the high probability of sulfate corrosion development during injection of fractured gypsum rocks, the efficiency of application of mineral fine-dispersed binder - “Introcem” slag based microcement in collar technology - is shown. In order to eliminate karst unconsolidation, the most preferable approach is the use of the “ZIS” special injection mixture, which is made on the basis of mineral composite binder. The experience of using the “Super-Jet” technology under different geotechnical conditions and design solutions has shown that the strength of the soil cement body formed by this technology can reach 15 MPa, and the cutoff walls are fully waterproof. It is shown that higher strength of soil bases is achieved when they are injected with powder-activated compositions.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Показано, что устройство противофильтрационных завес (ПФЗ) с использованием различных буроинъекционных технологий следует рассматривать как наиболее эффективный метод по защите от развития карстовосуффозионной опасности при строительстве и эксплуатации транспортных и других сооружений. Для устройства ПФЗ и ликвидации карстовых разуплотнений, в зависимости от инженерно-геологических и гидрогеологических условий на участке будущего строительства, возможно применение различных смесей на основе полимеров, жидкого стекла и т.д. Показано, что полимерные пропиточные композиции эффективны для ускоренного варианта повышения несущей способности грунтов, а использование композиций на основе жидкого стекла позволяет повысить биостойкость. Эффективно также применение технологии струйной цементации, манжетной технологии или их комбинации. Специальные инъекционные смеси на минеральной основе целесообразно применять для уплотнения и упрочнения карстовых горных пород. Эти минеральные специальные инъекционные смеси более технологичны, а грунтобетон ПФЗ и уплотненных карстовых пород более долговечен по сравнению с грунтом, уплотненным инъекционными смесями на полимерной основе или на основе жидкого стекла. Эффективной инъекционной смесью для устройства ПФЗ при защите от карстово-суффозионной опасности является инъекционная смесь «ПФС+», которую следует рассматривать в качестве альтернативы инъекционным смесям на основе бентонита, полимеров или жидких стекол. Учитывая высокую вероятность развития сульфатной коррозии при инъектировании трещиноватых гипсовых пород, показана эффективность применения минерального тонкодисперсного вяжущего - микроцемента «Интроцем» на шлаковой основе в манжетной технологии. С целью ликвидации карстовых разуплонений наиболее предпочтительным является применение специальной закладочной инъекционной смеси «ЗИС», которая изготавливается на основе минерального композиционного вяжущего. Опыт использования технологии «Super-Jet» при различных геотехнических условиях и проектных решениях показал, что прочность грунтобетонного массива, сформированного по данной технологии, может достигать 15 МПа, а при устройстве противофильтрационных завес обеспечивается их полная водонепроницаемость. Показано, что более высокая прочность грунтовых оснований достигается при их инъектировании порошково-активированными композициями.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mineral injection binders</kwd><kwd>karst unconsolidation</kwd><kwd>cutoff walls</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инъекционные минеральные вяжущие</kwd><kwd>карстовые разуплотнения</kwd><kwd>противофильтрационные завесы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ter-Martirosyan A.Z., Sobolev E.S. Operating safety of foundations of buildings and structures under dynamic impact. Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering. 2017;12(5):537–544. (In Russ.) http://doi.org/10.22227/19970935.2017.5.537–544</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тер-Мартиросян А.З., Соболев Е.С. 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