<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Строительная механика инженерных конструкций и сооружений</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1815-5235</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-8700</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">38260</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/1815-5235-2024-20-1-84-93</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">YEETVW</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Experimental researches</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Results of Laboratory Studies of Strengthening Subgrade Soil with Modifier</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Результаты лабораторных исследований укрепления грунта земляного полотна с помощью модификатора</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0133-2361</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Hudaykulov</surname><given-names>Rashidbek M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Худайкулов</surname><given-names>Рашидбек Мансуржонович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, professor, Department of Research and Design of Automobile Roads</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD., профессор кафедры изыскания и проектирование автомобильных дорог</p></bio><email>Rashidbek_19_87@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1707-1788</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aralov</surname><given-names>Dilshod E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аралов</surname><given-names>Дилшод Эргаш угли</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD student, Department of Research and Design of Automobile Roads</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры изыскания и проектирование автомобильных дорог</p></bio><email>dilshod.aralov.96@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Tashkent State Transport University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 20, NO1 (2024)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 20, №1 (2024)</issue-title><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>93</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-03-15"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Hudaykulov R.M., Aralov D.E.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Худайкулов Р.М., Аралов Д.Э.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Hudaykulov R.M., Aralov D.E.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Худайкулов Р.М., Аралов Д.Э.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/structural-mechanics/article/view/38260">https://journals.rudn.ru/structural-mechanics/article/view/38260</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">Current modern trends in road construction are the increase in traffic intensity and the carrying capacity of motor transport, as well as the expansion of the road network, including local roads. These trends put forward the task of not only increasing the durability of road structures, but also the use of local materials and soils in the construction of highways. Several methods have been developed to strengthen the soils of the road base. A variety of surfactants, modifiers and additives are also produced to strengthen the roadbed. Many of them have not shown their effectiveness in practice. Therefore, there is a need for plenty laboratory and field studies on this topic. Laboratory studies were carried out to investigate the effect of the modifier on the roadbed soil. The type of soil and its maximum density were determined at optimal humidity. Based on this, cement and a modifier were introduced into the soil composition, density and compressive strength were determined. The results of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) were obtained to study the effect of the modifier on the roadbed soil. Laboratory studies and SEM-analysis have shown that the addition of a modifier to the soil leads to an increase in its maximum density, a significant increase in compressive strength and that the modifier serves to improve the binding properties by forming a crystalline bond with cement.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Актуальные современные тенденции в дорожном строительстве - это и увеличение интенсивности движения, и грузоподъемности автомобильного транспорта, а также расширение сети дорог, в том числе и местных, выдвигают задачу не только повышения долговечности дорожных конструкций, но и применения при строительстве автомобильных дорог местных материалов и грунтов. Для укрепления грунтов основания дорог разработано несколько методов. Также производится множество поверхностно-активных веществ, модификаторов и добавок для укрепления земляного полотна. Многие из них не показали свою эффективность на практике. Поэтому существует необходимость проведения множества лабораторных и полевых исследований по этой теме. Для изучения влияния модификатора на грунт дорожного полотна проведены лабораторные исследования. Определяли тип грунта и его максимальную плотность при оптимальной влажности. На основании этого в состав грунта вводился цемент и модификатор, определялись показатели плотности и прочности на сжатие. Получены результаты сканирующего электронного микроскопа для изучения влияния модификатора на грунт земляного полотна. Лабораторные исследования и СЭМ-анализа показали, что добавление модификатора на грунт приводит к увеличению его максимальной плотности, значительному увеличению прочности на сжатие и что модификатор служит для улучшения свойств связывания, образуя кристаллическую связь с цементом.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>highway</kwd><kwd>soil</kwd><kwd>strength</kwd><kwd>maximum density</kwd><kwd>Portland cement</kwd><kwd>modifier</kwd><kwd>Akropol GSM</kwd><kwd>SEM analysis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>автомобильная дорога</kwd><kwd>грунт</kwd><kwd>прочность</kwd><kwd>максимальная плотность</kwd><kwd>портландцемент</kwd><kwd>модификатор</kwd><kwd>Акропол ГСМ</kwd><kwd>СЭМ-анализ</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hudaykulov R.M., Salimova B.D., Aralov D.E. Soil stabilizer. Road construction and its engineering support: proceedings of the III International Scientific and Technical Conference. Minsk: BNTU, 2022:26–28. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Худайкулов Р.М., Салимова Б.Д., Аралов Д.Э. Стабилизатор грунта // Дорожное строительство и его инженерное обеспечение : материалы III Международной научно-технической конференции. Минск : БНТУ, 2022. С. 26-28.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makhmudova D.A. Study water-thermal regime of earth linen of automobile roads. Universum: Technical Sciences. 2021;5–2(86):83–86. (In Russ.) EDN: ZOZDSM</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Махмудова Д.А. Исследование водно-теплового режима земляного полотна автомобильных дорог // Universum: Технические науки. 2021. № 5-2 (86). C. 83-86. EDN: ZOZDSM</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makhmudova D.A. Results of a study of soil moisture in road subgrades. Bulletin of the Kyrgyz State University of Construction, Transport and Architecture named after. N. Isanova. 2016;1(51):103–106. (In Russ.) EDN VURNYJ</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Махмудова Д.А. Результаты исследования влажности грунтов земляного полотна автомобильных дорог // Вестник Кыргызского государственного университета строительства, транспорта и архитектуры им. Н. Исанова. 2016. № 1 (51). С. 103-106. EDN VURNYJ</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hudaykulov R.M., Salimova B.D., Aralov D.E. Effectiveness of the use of innovative materials in the strengthening of highway subgrades. International Scientific-Practical Conference on Technical and Technological Development Prospects: Problems and Solutions (Collection 1). 2023. Vol. 1, no. 1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hudaykuov R.M., Salimova B.D., Aralov D.E. Avtomobil yo‘llarining yo‘l poyi gruntlarini mustahkamlashda innovatsion materiallarni qo‘llashning samaradorligi // Texnika va texnologiyalar rivojining istiqbollari: muammolar va yechimlar mavzusidagi Xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy konferentsiya (1-To'plam). 2023. Vol. 1. No. 1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hudaykulov R.M., Mirzayev T.L. The use of stabilizers to improve the strength of the soil foundation of roads. Russian journal of transport engineering. 2019;6(1). (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.15862/14SATS119</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Худайкулов Р.М., Мирзаев Т.Л. Применение стабилизаторов для улучшения прочности грунтового основания автомобильных дорог // Транспортные сооружения. 2019. Т. 6. № 1. https://doi.org/10.15862/14SATS119</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Egorov G.V., Andreeva A.V., Burenina O.N. Improved soil with use of the stabilizer for roads building in conditions of the North. Vestnik of the M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University. 2013;10(4):41–45. (In Russ.) EDN: RURDCP</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Егоров Г.В., Андреева А.В., Буренина О.Н. Укрепление местных грунтов стабилизатором при строительстве автомобильных дорог в условиях Севера // Вестник Северо-Восточного Федерального университета имени М.К. Аммосова. 2013. Т. 10. № 4. С. 41-45. EDN: RURDCP</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brekhman A.I., Vdovin E.A., Mavliev L.F. Updating of staked priming coats at building of rural highways. News of the Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering. 2010;2(14):313–318. (In Russ.) EDN: NUHSYH</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Брехман А.И., Вдовин Е.А., Мавлиев Л.Ф. Модификация укрепленных грунтов при строительстве сельских автомобильных дорог // Известия Казанского государственного архитектурно-строительного университета. 2010. № 2 (14). С. 313-318. EDN: NUHSYH</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">John R. Bowman P.E. Efficacy of road bond end condor as soil stabilizers. Final Report ~ Fhwa-Ok-13-06. University of Oklahoma, 2013;2242. Available from: https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/31441 (accessed: 11.09.2023).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">John R. Bowman P.E. Efficacy of road bond end condor as soil stabilizers // Final Report ~ Fhwa-Ok-13-06. University of Oklahoma, 2013. No. 2242. 110 p. URL: https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/31441 (дата обращения: 11.09.2023).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chudinov S.A. Increase productivity soil reinforcement of portland cement with a stabilizing additive. Modern problems of science and education. 2014;5:163–163. (In Russ.) EDN: SZVKCD</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чудинов С.А. Повышение эффективности укрепления грунтов портландцементом со стабилизирующей добавкой // Современные проблемы науки и образования. 2014. №. 5. С. 163-163. EDN: SZVKCD</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nigitha D., Prabhanjan N. Efficiency of cement and lime in stabilizing the black cotton soil. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2022;68(5):1588–1593. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.07.286</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nigitha D., Prabhanjan N. Efficiency of cement and lime in stabilizing the black cotton soil // Materials Today: Proceedings. 2022. Vol. 68. Part 5. P. 1588-1593. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.07.286</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prusinski J.R., Bhattacharja S. Effectiveness of portland cement and lime in stabilizing clay soils. Transportation Research Record. 1999;1652(1):215–227. https://doi.org/10.3141/1652-28</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prusinski J.R., Bhattacharja S. Effectiveness of Portland Cement and Lime in Stabilizing Clay Soils // Transportation Research Record. 1999. Vol. 1652. Issue 1. P. 215-227. https://doi.org/10.3141/1652-28</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Solihu H. Cement Soil Stabilization as an Improvement Technique for Rail Track Subgrade, and Highway Subbase and Base Courses: A Review. Journal of Civil &amp; Environmental Engineering. 2020;10:3. https://doi.org/10.37421/ jcde.2020.10.344</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Solihu H. Cement Soil Stabilization as an Improvement Technique for Rail Track Subgrade, and Highway Subbase and Base Courses: A Review // Journal of Civil &amp; Environmental Engineering. 2020. Vol. 10. No. 3. https://doi.org/10.37421/jcde.2020.10.344</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dmitrieva T.V., Kutsyna N.P. Application of stabilizers in road construction to strengthen soils in the Belgorod region. Science and innovation in construction: Collection of reports of the International Scientific and Practical Conference (on the 165th anniversary of the birth of V.G. Shukhov), Belgorod, April 17, 2018. Belgorod. 2018:356–361. (In Russ.) EDN: VQZGKQ</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дмитриева Т.В., Куцына Н.П. Применение стабилизаторов в дорожном строительстве для укрепления грунтов Белгородской области // Наука и инновации в строительстве: сборник докладов Международной научнопрактической конференции (к 165-летию со дня рождения В.Г. Шухова), Белгород, 17 апреля 2018 года. Белгород. 2018. С. 356-361. EDN: VQZGKQ</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dmitrieva T.V., Markova I.Yu., Strokova V.V., Kutsyna N.P. Efficiency of stabilizers of various composition for strengthening the soil with a mineral binder. Construction materials and products. 2020;3(1):30–38. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2020-3-1-30-38</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дмитриева Т.В., Маркова И.Ю., Строкова В.В., Куцына Н.П. Эффективность стабилизаторов различного состава при укреплении грунтов минеральным вяжущим // Строительные материалы и изделия. 2020. Т. 3. № 1. C. 30-38. https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2020-3-1-30-38</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yuan B., Chen W., Zhao J., Yang F., Luo Q., Chen T. The Effect of Organic and Inorganic Modifiers on the Physical Properties of Granite Residual Soil. Hindawi Advances in Materials Science and Engineering. 2022;2022:9542258. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9542258</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yuan B., Chen W., Zhao J., Yang F., Luo Q., Chen T. The Effect of Organic and Inorganic Modifiers on the Physical Properties of Granite Residual Soil // Hindawi Advances in Materials Science and Engineering. 2022. Vol. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9542258</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gupta D., Kumar A. Strength characterization of cement stabilized and fiber reinforced clay-pond ash mixes. International Journal of Geosynthetics and Ground Engineering. 2016;2:32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40891-016-0069-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gupta D., Kumar A. Strength characterization of cement stabilized and fiber reinforced clay-pond ash mixes // International Journal of Geosynthetics and Ground Engineering. 2016. Vol. 2. No. 4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40891-016-0069-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kapogianni E., Sakellariou M., Laue J., Springman S. Investigation of the mechanical behaviour of the interface between soil and reinforcement, via experimental and numerical modeling. Procedia Engineering. 2016;143:419–426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.06.053</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kapogianni E., Sakellariou M., Laue J., Springman S. Investigation of the mechanical behaviour of the interface between soil and reinforcement, via experimental and numerical modelling // Procedia Engineering. 2016. Vol. 143. P. 419-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.06.053</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Namjoo A.M., Jafari K., Toufigh V. Effect of particlesize of sand and surface properties of reinforcement on sand geosynthetics and sand-carbon fiber polymer interface shear behavior. Transportation Geotechnics. 2020;24:100403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trgeo.2020.100403</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Namjoo A.M., Jafari K., Toufigh V. Effect of particlesize of sand and surface properties of reinforcement on sand geosynthetics and sand-carbon fiber polymer interface shear behavior // Transportation Geotechnics. 2020. Vol. 24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trgeo.2020.100403</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Madhusudhan B.N., Baudet B.A., Ferreira P.M.V., Sammonds P. Performance of fiber reinforcement in completely decomposed granite. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering. 2017;143(8):04017038. https://doi.org/ 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001716</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Madhusudhan B.N., Baudet B.A., Ferreira P.M.V., Sammonds P. Performance of fiber reinforcement in completely decomposed granite // Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering. 2017. Vol. 143. No. 8. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001716</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Čalkovský M.E.M. Material Contrast by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Low-Energy Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy. Zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.), Dissertation. 2022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Čalkovský M.E.M. Material Contrast by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Low-Energy Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy // Zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.), Dissertation. 2022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
