<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Строительная механика инженерных конструкций и сооружений</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1815-5235</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-8700</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">29957</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/1815-5235-2021-17-4-425-438</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Dynamics of structures and buildings</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Динамика конструкций и сооружений</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The impact of heavy object on an underground structure when falling onto the ground surface</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Воздействие тяжелого предмета на подземное сооружение при падении на поверхность грунта</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2828-3693</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mkrtychev</surname><given-names>Oleg V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мкртычев</surname><given-names>Олег Вартанович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr Sci. (Eng.), Professor of the Strength of Materials Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук, профессор кафедры сопротивления материалов</p></bio><email>mkrtychev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novozhilov</surname><given-names>Yury V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новожилов</surname><given-names>Юрий Владиславович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Explicit Dynamics Expert and Head</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>руководитель направления HPC и высоконелинейных расчетов</p></bio><email>yury.novozhilov@cadfem-cis.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8652-8088</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savenkov</surname><given-names>Anton Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савенков</surname><given-names>Антон Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student, Strength of Materials Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, кафедра сопротивления материалов</p></bio><email>savenkov.asp@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">CADFEM CIS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">АО «КАДФЕМ Си-Ай-Эс»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 17, NO4 (2021)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 17, №4 (2021)</issue-title><fpage>425</fpage><lpage>438</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-01-10"><day>10</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Mkrtychev O.V., Novozhilov Y.V., Savenkov A.Y.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Мкртычев О.В., Новожилов Ю.В., Савенков А.Ю.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mkrtychev O.V., Novozhilov Y.V., Savenkov A.Y.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мкртычев О.В., Новожилов Ю.В., Савенков А.Ю.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/structural-mechanics/article/view/29957">https://journals.rudn.ru/structural-mechanics/article/view/29957</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">At the objects of space infrastructure and at nuclear power facilities there are industrial structures, the main task of which is to protect a person, equipment or machinery from emergencies such as, for example, explosions, falling of various objects, fragments. In accordance with the requirements of the Federal Law “On the Protection of the Population and Territories from Natural and Technogenic Emergencies”, when calculating such structures, all types of loads corresponding to their functional purpose must be taken into account. So, for structures located in the area of a possible accident and the fall of space rockets, it is necessary to calculate for the fall of the destroyed parts of the rocket engine. For nuclear power plant facilities, such accidents occur when containers and other heavy objects fall on the ground, affecting underground structures located in the ground, and for civil defense protective structures built into the basement floors of buildings, it is necessary to consider situations in which the overlying floors of a building collapse when exposed to there is an air shock wave on them. Therefore, this problem is relevant, and in this study, a finite-element method for calculating an underground structure in a non-linear dynamic setting has been developed when a large overall object collides with the ground.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">На объектах космической инфраструктуры и на объектах атомной энергетики есть промышленные сооружения, основной задачей которых является уберечь человека, оборудование или технику от чрезвычайных ситуаций, таких как взрывы, падения различных предметов, осколков. В соответствии с требованиями Федерального закона РФ «О защите населения и территорий от чрезвычайных ситуаций природного и техногенного характера» при расчете таких сооружений должны учитываться все виды нагрузок, соответствующих их функциональному назначению. Так, для сооружений, находящихся в районе возможной аварии и падения космических ракет необходимо выполнять расчет на падение разрушившихся частей ракетного двигателя. Для объектов атомных электростанций такие аварии случаются при падении на грунт контейнеров и других тяжелых предметов, что воздействует на находящиеся в грунте подземные сооружения. Для защитных сооружений гражданской обороны, встроенных в подвальные этажи зданий необходимо рассматривать ситуации, при которых происходит обрушение вышележащих этажей здания при воздействии на них воздушной ударной волны. Разработана конечно-элементная методика расчета подземного сооружения в нелинейной динамической постановке при соударении с грунтом большого габаритного предмета.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nonlinear dynamic calculation</kwd><kwd>falling objects</kwd><kwd>nuclear power plants</kwd><kwd>space infrastructure objects</kwd><kwd>underground structure</kwd><kwd>emergency impacts</kwd><kwd>finite element method</kwd><kwd>LS-DYNA</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нелинейный динамический расчет</kwd><kwd>падение ударника</kwd><kwd>атомные электростанции</kwd><kwd>объекты космической инфраструктуры</kwd><kwd>подземное сооружение</kwd><kwd>аварийные воздействия</kwd><kwd>метод конечных элементов</kwd><kwd>LS-DYNA</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korenev B.G., Rabinovich I.M. Dynamic calculation of buildings and structures. Mosсow: Strojizdat Publ.; 1984. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коренев Б.Г., Рабинович И.М. Динамический расчет зданий и сооружений М.: Стройиздат, 1984. 304 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korenev B.G., Rabinovich I.M. Dynamic calculation of equipment for special effects. Mosсow: Strojizdat Publ.; 1981. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коренев Б.Г., Рабинович И.М. Динамический расчет сооружений на специальные воздействия М.: Стройиздат, 1981. 155 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popov N.N., Rastorguyev B.S. Dynamic analysis of reinforced concrete structures. Mosсow: Strojizdat Publ.; 1974. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Попов Н.Н., Расторгуев Б.С. Динамический расчет железобетонных конструкций М.: Стройиздат, 1974. 220 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kotlyarevskiy V.A., Ganushkin V.I., Kostin A.A., Kostin A.I., Larionov V.I. Civil defense shelters. Designs and calculation. Mosсow: Strojizdat Publ.; 1989. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Котляревский В.А., Ганушкин В.И., Костин А.А., Костин А.И., Ларионов В.И. Убежища гражданской обороны. Конструкции и расчет. М.: Стройиздат, 1989. 606 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bodanskiy M.D., Gorshkov A.A. Calculation of structures for shelters. Mosсow: Strojizdat Publ.; 1974. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Боданский М.Д., Горшков А.А. Расчет конструкций убежищ. М.: Стройиздат, 1974. 204 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Birbraer A.N., Roleder A.Yu. Extreme impacts on structures. Saint Petersburg: Polytechpress; 2009. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бирбраер А.Н., Роледер А.Ю. Экстремальные воздействия на сооружения. СПб.: Изд-во Политехн. ун-та, 2009. 594 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu Y., Crawford J.E., Lan S., Magallanes J.M. Validation studies for concrete constitutive models with blast test data. 13th International LS-DYNA Users Conference (online). 2013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu Y., Crawford J.E., Lan Sh., Magallanes J.M. Validation studies for concrete constitutive models with blast test data // 13th International LS-DYNA Users Conference (online). 2013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rastorguev B.S., Plotnikov A.I., Khusnutdinov D.Z. Design of buildings and structures exposed to emergency blast effects. Moscow: ASV Publ.; 2007. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Расторгуев Б.С., Плотников А.И., Хуснутдинов Д.З. Проектирование зданий и сооружений при аварийных взрывных воздействиях. М.: АСВ, 2007. 152 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pavlov A.S. Numerical method of calculation of blast loads pressure to structures with complex geometry shapes. Academia. Architecture and Construction. 2017;(3):108–112. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Павлов А.С. Численное моделирование взрывных воздействий на здания и сооружения произвольной формы // Academia. Архитектура и строительство. 2017. № 3. С. 108-112.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Novozhilov Y.V. Explosion simulation techniques in LS-DINA. XIV International Conference of CADFEM users/ANSYS. Saint Peterburg; 2017. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Новожилов Ю.В. Методики моделирования взрывов в LS-DYNA // XIV Международная конференция пользователей CADFEM/ANSYS. СПб., 2017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mkrtychev O.V., Dorozhinskiy V.B. Analysis of approaches to determining the parameters of explosive impact. Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering. 2012;(5):45–49. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мкртычев О.В., Дорожинский В.Б. Анализ подходов к определению параметров взрывного воздействия // Вестник МГСУ. 2012. № 5. С. 45-49.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mkrtychev O.V., Dorozhinskiy V.B., Lazarev O.V. Calculation of structures of a reinforced concrete building for explosive loads in a nonlinear dynamic setting. Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering. 2011;(4):243–247. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мкртычев О.В., Дорожинский В.Б., Лазарев О.В. Расчет конструкций железобетонного здания на взрывные нагрузки в нелинейной динамической постановке // Вестник МГСУ. 2011. № 4. С. 243-247.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Savenkov A.Y., Mkrtychev O.V. Nonlinear calculation of reinforced concrete structures to the impact of the air shock wave. Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering. 2019;14(1):33-45. (In Russ.) http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2019.1.33–45</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Савенков А.Ю., Мкртычев О.В. Нелинейный расчет железобетонного сооружения на воздействие воздушной ударной волны // Вестник МГСУ. 2019. Т. 14. № 1. С. 33-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2019.1.33-45</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Valger S.A. Creation of computational technologies for calculating wind and shock-wave effects on structures (Thesis of Candidate of Technical Sciences). Novosibirsk; 2015. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вальгер С.А. Создание вычислительных технологий для расчета ветровых и ударно-волновых воздействий на конструкции: автореф. дис. … канд. физ.-мат. наук. Новосибирск, 2016. 16 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goel M., Matsagar V., Gupta A. An abridged review of blast wave parameters. Defense Science Journal. 2012; 62(5):300–306. (In Ind.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goel M., Matsagar V., Gupta A. An abridged review of blast wave parameters // Defense Science Journal. 2012. Vol. 62. Issue 5. Pp. 300-306.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bate K., Vilson Ye. Numerical analysis and finite element method. Prentice-Holl; 1982.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бате К., Вилсон Е. Численные методы анализа и метод конечных элементов. М.: Стройиздат, 1982. 448 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van Leer B.J. Towards the ultimate conservative difference scheme. Second-order sequel to Godunov’s method. J. Comput. Phys. 1979;32(1):101–136. (In Dutch.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Leer B.J. Towards the ultimate conservative difference scheme. Second-order sequel to Godunov’s method // Journal of Computational Physics. 1979. Vol. 32. Issue 1. Pp. 101-136.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Muyzemnik A.Yu., Boldyrev G.G., Arefyev D.V. Identification of soil models parameters. Engineering Geology World. 2010;(3):38–43. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Муйземник А.Ю., Болдырев Г.Г., Арефьев Д.В. Идентификация параметров моделей грунтов // Инженерная геология. 2010. № 3. С. 38-43.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mkrtychev O., Savenkov A. Modeling of blast effects on underground structure. International Journal for Computational Civil and Structural Engineering. 2019;15(4):111–122.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mkrtychev O., Savenkov A. Modeling of blast effects on underground structure // International Journal for Computational Civil and Structural Engineering. 2019. Vol. 15. Issue 4. Pp. 111-122.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dolgov I.A. Simulation of the fall of the descent vehicle Mars-6. Gagarin Readings – 2018: Collection of Abstracts of the XLIV International Youth Scientific Conference. Moscow: MAI Publ.; 2018. p. 92–93. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Долгов И.А. Моделирование падения спускаемого аппарата «Марс-6» // Гагаринские чтения - 2018: сборник тезисов докладов XLIV Международной молодежной научной конференции. М.: МАИ, 2018. С. 92-93.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evans W., Jonson D., Walker M. An Eulerian approach to soil impact analysis for crashworthiness applications. International Journal of Impact Engineering. 2016;91:14–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2015.12.011</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Evans W., Jonson D., Walker M. An Eulerian approach to soil impact analysis for crashworthiness applications // International Journal of Impact Engineering. 2016. Vol. 91. Pp. 14-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2015.12.011</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kellas F.J. Soft soil impact testing and simulation of aerospace structures. Proceedings of the 10th LS-DYNA Users Conference. Dearborn; 2008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fasanella E.L., Jackson K.E., Kellas S. Soft soil impact testing and simulation of aerospace structures // Proceedings of the 10th LS-DYNA Users Conference. Dearborn, 2008. Pp. 29-42.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mkrtychev O.V. Busalova M.S. Investigation of the reaction of the system building-fundamental structure-foundation soil with and without taking into account the inertial properties of the foundation. Theoretical Foundation of Civil Engineering: XXI Slovak-Polish-Russian Seminar. Moscow; 2013. p. 75–81. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мкртычев О.В., Бусалова М.С. Исследование реакции системы здание-фундаментальная конструкция-грунт основания с учетом и без учета инерционных свойств грунта основания // Theoretical Foundation of Civil Engineering: XXI Slovak-Polish-Russian Seminar. М., 2013. Pp. 75-81.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dudareva M.S. Probabilistic modeling of the interaction of a structure with a base when calculating for an earthquake (Dissertation of Candidate of Technical Sciences). Moscow; 2018. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дударева М.С. Вероятностное моделирование взаимодействия сооружения с основанием при расчете на землетрясение: дис. … канд. техн. наук. М., 2018. 126 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Manual for LS-DYNA Soil Material Model 147 Evaluation. Report No FHWA-HRT-04-095. Lincoln: University of Nebraska; 2004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Manual for LS-DYNA Soil Material Model 147 Evaluation. Report No FHWA-HRT-04-095. Lincoln: University of Nebraska; 2004. 77 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang Y., Willford M.R. Validation of LS-DYNA® MMALE with blast experiments. 12th International LS-DYNA® Users Conference. San Francisco: Arup; 2012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang Y., Willford M.R. Validation of LS-DYNA® MMALE with blast experiments // 12th International LS-DYNA® Users Conference. San Francisco: Arup, 2012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schwer L. An Introduction to the Winfrith concrete model. Engineering &amp; Consulting Services; 2010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schwer L. An introduction to the Winfrith concrete model. Engineering &amp; Consulting Services, 2010. 28 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu Y., Crawford J.E., Magallanes J.M. Performance of LS-DYNA concrete constitutive models. 12th International LS-DYNA Users Conference. San Francisco: Arup; 2012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu Y., Crawford J.E., Magallanes J.M. Performance of LS-DYNA concrete constitutive models // 12th International LS-DYNA Users Conference. San Francisco: Arup, 2012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
