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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Социология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2272</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8897</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumamba</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">46608</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2272-2025-25-3-812-822</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">AEITWM</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Sociological lectures</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Социологический лекторий</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Educational migration as a new direction of labor migration from Central Asia: A theoretical analysis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Образовательная миграция как новое направление трудовой миграции из стран Центральной Азии: теоретический анализ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakhmonov</surname><given-names>A. Kh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рахмонов</surname><given-names>Абубакр Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru">кандидат экономических наук, старший научный сотрудник Института демографических исследований Федерального научно-исследовательского социологического центра Российской академии наук; докторант Института народонаселения и социальных исследований Университета Махидол</bio><email>abubak.93@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Mahidol University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Махидол</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute for Demographic Research of FCTAS RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт демографических исследований ФНИСЦ РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 25, NO3 (2025)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 25, №3 (2025)</issue-title><fpage>812</fpage><lpage>822</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-23"><day>23</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Rakhmonov A.K.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Рахмонов А.K.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rakhmonov A.K.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рахмонов А.K.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/46608">https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/46608</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Educational migration has become a significant form of labor migration in Central Asia due to a growing number of students seeking higher education abroad and subsequently joining foreign labor markets. The article examines the interconnection between educational and labor migration, highlighting economic, social and institutional factors that make students remain in host countries after graduation. The study focuses on such theoretical frameworks as human capital theory, social mobility and brain drain vs brain circulation, providing a comprehensive analysis of how educational migration influences workforce mobility and national development. The author’s findings show that economic incentives, declining quality of higher education in Central Asia and favorable migration policies in destination countries contribute to the transformation of educational migration into long-term labor migration. Host countries of Central Asian students facilitate this transition by work permit programs and job market strategies, making foreign education a direct pathway to permanent employment. However, such challenges as work restrictions, labor discrimination and labor market saturation remain barriers to labor migration. The article also discusses implications of educational migration for both sending and receiving countries. While destination countries benefit from the skilled labor, Central Asian nations face brain drain, losing highly educated professionals that choose foreign labor markets. To mitigate these effects, the corresponding policies should include investment in national education reforms, incentives for return migration, and international cooperation for the degree recognition.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Образовательная миграция стала важной формой трудовой миграции в странах Центральной Азии, поскольку растет число студентов, стремящихся получить высшее образование за рубежом и впоследствии стать частью зарубежных рынков труда. В статье рассмотрена взаимосвязь между образовательной и трудовой миграцией, выделены экономические, социальные и институциональные факторы, которые заставляют студентов оставаться в принимающих странах после окончания учебы. Исследование основано на таких концептуальных моделях, как теория человеческого капитала, социальная мобильность и «утечка мозгов» в сопоставлении с «циркуляцией мозгов», что позволило автору показать, как образовательная миграция влияет на мобильность рабочей силы и национальное развитие. Результаты проведенной автором работы свидетельствуют о том, что экономические стимулы и снижение качества высшего образования в Центральной Азии на фоне благоприятной миграционной политики в странах, принимающих иностранных студентов, способствуют превращению образовательной миграции в долгосрочную трудовую миграцию. Страны, принимающие студентов из Центральной Азии, активно содействуют этой трансформации с помощью программ предоставления разрешений на работу и стратегий интеграции иностранных специалистов на рынок труда, что превращает получение высшего образования за рубежом в прямой путь к постоянному трудоустройству. Однако такие проблемы, как ограничения на выдачу разрешений на работу, дискриминация со стороны работодателей и перенасыщенность рынка труда, все еще препятствуют такой трудовой миграции. В статье показаны и противоречивые последствия образовательной миграции для отправляющих и принимающих стран. Например, страны назначения получают выгоду от приобретения квалифицированной рабочей силы, тогда как отправляющие студентов страны Центральной Азии сталкиваются с проблемой утечки мозгов, теряя высокообразованных специалистов на зарубежных рынках труда. Чтобы смягчить негативные последствия образовательной миграции, государство должно наращивать инвестиции в отечественную систему высшего образования, стимулировать обратную миграцию и развивать международное сотрудничество в целях взаимного признания дипломов и ученых степеней.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>educational migration</kwd><kwd>labor migration</kwd><kwd>Central Asia</kwd><kwd>brain drain</kwd><kwd>social mobility</kwd><kwd>human capital theory</kwd><kwd>international students</kwd><kwd>higher education</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>образовательная миграция</kwd><kwd>трудовая миграция</kwd><kwd>Центральная Азия</kwd><kwd>утечка мозгов</kwd><kwd>социальная мобильность</kwd><kwd>теория человеческого капитала</kwd><kwd>иностранные студенты</kwd><kwd>высшее образование</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Alimova N.K. 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