<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Социология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2272</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8897</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumamba</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">42237</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2272-2024-24-4-1068-1083</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">PTIRUV</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Contemporary society: the urgent issues and prospects for development</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Современное общество: актуальные проблемы и перспективы развития</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Sociological portrait of the higher bureaucracy in Russia</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Социологический портрет высшей бюрократии в России</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Borshchevskiy</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борщевский</surname><given-names>Георгий Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru">доктор политических наук, профессор кафедры политологии и политического управления Института общественных наук</bio><email>borshchevskiy-ga@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 24, NO4 (2024)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 24, №4 (2024)</issue-title><fpage>1068</fpage><lpage>1083</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-29"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Borshchevskiy G.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Борщевский Г.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Borshchevskiy G.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Борщевский Г.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/42237">https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/42237</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article considers the sociological aspects of the senior bureaucrats’ appointment in the Russian federal ministries in recent five years. The study aims at identifying the prevailing recruitment model and at assessing the efficiency of policies, the necessity of which is determined by the high influence of bureaucracy in the Russian society and by the negative reputation of the civil service. The theoretical framework of the study consists of the theories of bureaucracy by Max Weber, Karl Marx, and Michel Crozier. The predictor variables describe personal characteristics of senior executives and the mode of their recruitment. The author tested two hypotheses about the predominance of one of two higher bureaucrats’ recruitment models: patrimonial (political, patronage) or meritorious; the second model seems to prevail. Based on the Russian dataset, the author also examined the connection between the recruitment model of senior bureaucrats and the efficiency of ministries in implementing government programs, information openness and contribution to the national economic growth. In all three cases, ministries headed primarily by career (meritorious) bureaucrats turned out to be more effective. The primary data on 381 senior civil servants’ biographies obtained was collected from the personal pages of official ministerial websites with the method of content analysis. The data on the ministries’ efficiency was collected from the annual ministry reports, public indices of informational openness, reports about the state programs implementation, and economic input of each ministry in the sectoral GDP. Quantitative methods such as regression analysis and statistical analysis were used to interpret the data. The author concludes that the Russian system of governance needs a special body to administer its higher bureaucracy (recruitment, remuneration, payment, retirement, etc.) structurally resembling the senior civil service in the OECD countries.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье рассмотрены социологические аспекты назначения высших чиновников в федеральных министерствах России за последние пять лет. Цель исследования - определение преобладающей модели набора кадров и оценка их эффективности в реализации политики. Актуальность исследования обусловлена высоким влиянием бюрократии в российском обществе и негативной репутацией государственной службы. Теоретическая основа исследования - теории бюрократии Макса Вебера, Карла Маркса и Мишеля Крозье. Выбранные автором переменные-предикторы описывают личные характеристики руководителей высшего звена и способ их найма. В ходе исследования проверялись гипотезы о преобладании одной из двух моделей найма высших бюрократов: патримониальной (партийной, патронажной) и меритократической. Было выявлено определенное преобладание второй модели и проверена связь между моделью подбора высокопоставленных чиновников и эффективностью министерств в реализации государственных программ, обеспечении информационной открытости и обеспечении экономического роста. Во всех трех случаях министерства, возглавляемые преимущественно карьерными бюрократами, оказались более эффективными. В ходе исследования были собраны первичные данные - биографии 381 высокопоставленного государственного служащего с личных страниц официальных сайтов министерств - и был использован метод контент-анализа. Данные об эффективности министерств были получены из годовых отчетов, а также из общедоступных показателей информационной открытости, реализации государственных программ и экономического вклада каждого министерства в секторальный ВВП. Для интерпретации данных использовались количественные методы - регрессионный и статистический анализ. В заключение автор отмечает отсутствие в российском законодательстве оснований для создания специального органа управления высшими чиновниками с точки зрения порядка их найма, вознаграждения, оплаты, увольнения и т.д. Предлагается создать такую структуру, используя практику служб высших руководителей в странах ОЭСР.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bureaucracy</kwd><kwd>civil service</kwd><kwd>meritocracy</kwd><kwd>Max Weber</kwd><kwd>new public management</kwd><kwd>senior civil servants</kwd><kwd>recruitment</kwd><kwd>career trajectory</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бюрократия</kwd><kwd>государственная служба</kwd><kwd>меритократия</kwd><kwd>Макс Вебер</kwd><kwd>новое государственное управление</kwd><kwd>высшие государственные служащие</kwd><kwd>подбор кадров</kwd><kwd>карьерная траектория</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Belloir A., van den Berg C. Functional politicization in the Dutch senior civil service: Evidence from longitudinal surveys and qualitative research (2007–2019). Journal of Public Administration and Policy. 2020; 13 (2).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Besley T.J., Burgess R., Khan A., Xu G. Bureaucracy and development. Annual Review of Economics. 2022; 14.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Cornell A., Knutsen C.H., Teorell J. Bureaucracy and growth. Comparative Political Studies. 2020; 53 (14).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Ebinger F., Veit S., Fromm N. The partisan-­professional dichotomy revisited: Politicization and decision‐making of senior civil servants. Public Administration. 2019; 97 (4).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Ennser-­Jedenastik L. The party politicization of administrative elites in the Netherlands. Acta Politica. 2016; 51 (4).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Evans P., Rauch J.E. Bureaucracy and growth: A cross-­national analysis of the effects of “Weberian” state structures on economic growth. American Sociological Review. 1999; 64.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Fortescue S. Russia’s civil service: Professional or patrimonial? Executive-­level officials in five federal ministries. Post-­Soviet Affairs. 2020; 36 (4).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Gally N. Senior bureaucrats across organizations, professions and politicians. A comparative sociology of administrative labor markets. Revue francaise de science politique. 2020; 70 (1).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Garifullina G. The best among the connected (men): Promotion in the Russian state apparatus. Post-­Soviet Affairs. 2023; 39 (5).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Gilmour J.B., Lewis D.E. Political appointees and the competence of federal program management. American Politics Research. 2006; 34 (1).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Hood C., Lodge M. The Politics of Public Service Bargains: Reward, Competency, Loyalty — and Blame. Oxford; 2006.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Kolesnik N. “Fragile representation” or women in big politics: The case of the administrative elite. RUDN Journal of Political Science. 2022; 24 (1).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Kryshtanovskaya O., White S. From Soviet nomenklatura to the Russian Elite. S. White, D. Nelson (Eds.). The Politics of the Post-­Communist World. London; 2019.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Lowe R., Pemberton H. The Thatcher and major revolutions, 1982–97. The Official History of the British Civil Service: Reforming the Civil Service. London; 2020.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Makarenko V.P. On the development of a theory of Russian bureaucracy. Russian Studies in Philosophy. 2022; 60 (5).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>McDonnell E.M. Patchwork Leviathan: Pockets of Bureaucratic Effectiveness in Developing States. Princeton; 2020.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Owen C. Participatory authoritarianism: From bureaucratic transformation to civic participation in Russia and China. Review of International Studies. 2020; 46 (4).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Peters B.G., Pierre J. Populism and public administration: Confronting the administrative state. Administration &amp; Society. 2019; 51 (10).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Silitonga M.S., Van Duijn M.A.J., Heyse L., Wittek R. Setting a good example? The effect of leader and peer behavior on corruption among Indonesian senior civil servants. Public Administration Review. 2019; 79 (4).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Staronova K., Rybář M. Personal or party roots of civil service patronage? Ministerial change effects on the appointments of top civil servants. Administration &amp; Society. 2021; 53 (5).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Tev D.V. Federal administrative elite of Russia: Career paths and channels of recruitment. Political Studies. 2016; (4). (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Vaskin I.A. Recruitment of elites to the cabinets of Iran: A biographical analysis (1979–1989). East. 2023; (1). (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Zulkarnain Z.P., Prasojo E. Understanding Japan’s civil service system: Norms, meritocracy, and institutional change. Policy &amp; Governance Review. 2020; 5 (1).</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
