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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Социология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2272</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8897</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumamba</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">39930</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2272-2024-24-2-354-378</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">ORTHJB</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Contemporary society: the urgent issues and prospects for development</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Современное общество: актуальные проблемы и перспективы развития</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Sociological interpretation and an attempt at interdisciplinary study of artificial sociality and artificial intelligence</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Социологическая трактовка и попытка междисциплинарного исследования искусственной социальности и искусственного интеллекта</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Menshikov</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меньшиков</surname><given-names>Владимир</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru">доктор социологии, профессор Института гуманитарных и социальных наук</bio><email>vladimirs.mensikovs@du.lv</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Komarova</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комарова</surname><given-names>Вера</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru">доктор экономики, ведущий исследователь Института гуманитарных и социальных наук</bio><email>vera.komarova@du.lv</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bolakova</surname><given-names>I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Болякова</surname><given-names>Иева</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru">магистр педагогики, лектор кафедры окружающей среды и технологий факультета естественных наук и здравоохранения</bio><email>ieva.bolakova@du.lv</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ruza</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ружа</surname><given-names>Алексей</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru">доктор психологии, ассоциированный профессор кафедры педагогики и психологии факультета гуманитарных и социальных наук</bio><email>aleksejs.ruza@du.lv</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ruza</surname><given-names>O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ружа</surname><given-names>Оксана</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru">доктор экономики, ведущий исследователь Института гуманитарных и социальных наук</bio><email>oksana.ruza@du.lv</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Daugavpils University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Даугавпилсский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-06-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 24, NO2 (2024)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 24, №2 (2024)</issue-title><fpage>354</fpage><lpage>378</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-07-09"><day>09</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Menshikov V., Komarova V., Bolakova I., Ruza A., Ruza O.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Меньшиков В., Комарова В., Болякова И., Ружа А., Ружа О.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Menshikov V., Komarova V., Bolakova I., Ruza A., Ruza O.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Меньшиков В., Комарова В., Болякова И., Ружа А., Ружа О.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/39930">https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/39930</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">The article considers the main participants of artificial sociality (people and artificial intelligence tools) and communication between them. The study is predominantly sociological but includes an attempt to address the mathematical-technological aspects of artificial intelligence as creating a new social reality for human society - artificial sociality. In the first part of the article, the authors analyze communication as the basis of sociality, using the methodology of N. Luhmann. The second part shows how mathematical technologies of artificial intelligence became social technologies in the framework of artificial sociality. The third part describes experimental communication between people and artificial intelligence tools on the example of ChatGPT. The authors conducted a sociological survey of students at the Daugavpils University (January 2024, N = 423, excluding IT students) to identify typological groups in relation to the use of artificial intelligence in education. Three “ideal types” of students were identified: “optimistic users” (18 %), “neutral testers” (17 %) and “skeptic avoiders” (10 %), and a mixed group of “testers-optimists” (31 %) - the largest group of respondents with a positive attitude towards artificial intelligence but without sufficient experience of interaction with it. According to the authors’ empirical data, there is a stratification among students in relation to artificial intelligence tools and their use in learning, which may lead to segmentation of the higher education in the future (in terms of training formats, its participants, organization of the educational process and perhaps the results of learning). The demand for an interdisciplinary approach to the study of artificial intelligence will increase, since it is interdisciplinary in nature, and no single science will be able to make a breakthrough.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">В статье рассмотрены основные участники искусственной социальности (люди и инструменты искусственного интеллекта) и коммуникация между ними. Исследование является преимущественно социологическим, но обращается и к математически-технологическим аспектам инструментов искусственного интеллекта как создающим новую для человеческого общества социальную реальность - искусственную социальность. В первой части статьи авторы анализируют коммуникацию как основу социальности, используя методологию Н. Лумана. Во второй части показано, как математические технологии искусственного интеллекта стали социальными технологиями в рамках искусственной социальности. В третьей части описана экспериментальная коммуникация между людьми и искусственным интеллектом на примере СhatGPT . Было проведено социологическое исследование среди студентов Даугавпилсского университета (январь 2024 года, N = 423, исключая студентов ИТ-специальностей), позволившее выявить типологические группы по отношению к использованию искусственного интеллекта в образовании. Были определены три «идеальных типа» студентов: «пользователи-оптимисты» (18 %), «пробующие нейтралы» (17 %) и «избегающие скептики» (10 %), а также смешанная группа «пробующих оптимистов» (31 %) - наиболее многочисленная группа респондентов с позитивным отношением к инструментам искусственного интеллекта, но с недостаточным опытом взаимодействия с ними. Результаты авторского эмпирического исследования показывают стратификацию студентов по отношению к инструментам искусственного интеллекта в обучении, что может привести к сегментации сферы высшего образования в будущем (форматы обучения, его участники, организация учебного процесса и, возможно, результаты обучения). Востребованность междисциплинарного подхода к изучению инструментов искусственного интеллекта будет только возрастать, поскольку он междисциплинарен, и ни одна наука самостоятельно не сможет совершить здесь прорыв. Авторы полагают, что в рамках искусственной социальности могут конструктивно со-функционировать несколько типов разума (в частности, человеческий и компьютерный), как до сих пор софункционировали человеческий и животный разумы.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>communication</kwd><kwd>artificial sociality</kwd><kwd>artificial intelligence tools</kwd><kwd>first and second order observation</kwd><kwd>ChatGPT</kwd><kwd>interdisciplinary research</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коммуникация</kwd><kwd>искусственная социальность</kwd><kwd>инструменты искусственного интеллекта</kwd><kwd>наблюдение первого и второго порядка</kwd><kwd>ChatGPT</kwd><kwd>междисциплинарное исследование</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baltic Voice: Nachalos’? Ilon Mask prizval khotia bi na polgoda ostanovit obuchenie nejrosetej [The beginning? 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