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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Социология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2272</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8897</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumamba</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">39929</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2272-2024-24-2-335-353</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">OAUOBU</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Contemporary society: the urgent issues and prospects for development</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Современное общество: актуальные проблемы и перспективы развития</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Russian students on the potential and limitations of artificial intelligence in education</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российские студенты о возможностях и ограничениях использования искусственного интеллекта в обучении</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleshkovski</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алешковский</surname><given-names>Иван Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru">кандидат экономических наук, заместитель декана факультета глобальных процессов</bio><email>aleshkovski@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gasparishvili</surname><given-names>A. T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаспаришвили</surname><given-names>Александр Тенгизович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru">кандидат философских наук, заместитель директора Центра стратегии развития образования</bio><email>gasparishvili@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Narbut</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нарбут</surname><given-names>Николай Петрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru">доктор социологических наук, заведующий кафедрой социологии Российского университета дружбы народов; главный научный сотрудник Института социологии Федерального научно-исследовательского социологического центра Российской академии наук</bio><email>narbut-np@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krukhmaleva</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крухмалева</surname><given-names>Оксана Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru">кандидат социологических наук, заведующая отделом Центра стратегии развития образования Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова; доцент кафедры социологии Российского университета дружбы народов</bio><email>kruhoks@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savina</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савина</surname><given-names>Наталья Евгеньевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru">научный сотрудник Центра стратегии развития образования</bio><email>savina.opinio@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт социологии ФНИСЦ РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-06-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 24, NO2 (2024)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 24, №2 (2024)</issue-title><fpage>335</fpage><lpage>353</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-07-09"><day>09</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Aleshkovski I.A., Gasparishvili A.T., Narbut N.P., Krukhmaleva O.V., Savina N.E.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Алешковский И.А., Гаспаришвили А.Т., Нарбут Н.П., Крухмалева О.В., Савина Н.Е.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aleshkovski I.A., Gasparishvili A.T., Narbut N.P., Krukhmaleva O.V., Savina N.E.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алешковский И.А., Гаспаришвили А.Т., Нарбут Н.П., Крухмалева О.В., Савина Н.Е.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/39929">https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/39929</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The rapid entry of artificial intelligence (hereinafter AI) into all spheres of social life determines the need to consider ongoing changes and to conduct systematic sociological research. Education and science are key resources that, on the one hand, develop and improve AI technologies, but, on the other hand, fully experience the pressure of contradictions caused by new technologies. It is important for both the higher education system and society as a whole to understand how students react to new opportunities and technologies, how involved they are in the use of AI in their educational activities, and how they evaluate their experience of applying new technologies in learning. The article presents data on the Russian university students’ assessment of their personal experience of using generative AI models (neural networks) in educational activities, highlights the most popular AI functions, and evaluates students’ satisfaction with their use. The article is based on the survey of Russian university students conducted in 2023-2024 (N = 52919), which showed that, despite the current massive fascination with digital technologies and the use of neural networks, Russian students assess quite ambiguously their use in studies, and in senior years, this assessment becomes more critical and balanced (concerning the opportunities provided by AI). The survey data allows to conclude that the use of generative AI models in education requires a set of decisions on the direct regulation of its application and ethical issues, the thorough revision of the students’ forms of independent work, including final certifications and test tasks, and a search for constructive approaches to the use of AI to improve the quality of education and the work of the higher education system. Moreover, AI assigns the higher education system a task of developing students’ critical assessment of the results of interaction between a human being and a neural network, focusing on the limitations and capabilities of the generated information, and acceptable formats for its use in research and learning.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Стремительное вхождение искусственного интеллекта (далее - ИИ) во все сферы жизнедеятельности общества нуждается в фиксации происходящих изменений и системном социологическом изучении. Образование и наука - ключевые ресурсы, которые, с одной стороны, разрабатывают и совершенствуют технологии ИИ, а, с другой стороны, в полной мере испытывают на себе давление противоречий новых технологий. Для высшей школы и общества в целом важно понимать, как реагируют на новые возможности студенты, насколько они вовлечены во вхождение ИИ в их учебную деятельность, как оценивают свой опыт применения новых технологий. В статье представлены данные, показывающие, как российские студенты оценивают личный опыт использования моделей генеративного ИИ (нейросетей) в учебной деятельности, выделены наиболее востребованные функции ИИ и охарактеризована степень удовлетворенности этим взаимодействием. Статья основана на данных опроса студентов вузов России, проведенного в 2023-2024 годы (N = 52919). Опрос показал, что, несмотря на массовое увлечение цифровыми технологиями и использование нейросетей, студенты неоднозначно оценивают их применение в процессе обучения, причем к старшим курсам нарастает критическое и более взвешенное восприятие возможностей ИИ. Данные исследования позволяют сделать вывод, что использование моделей генеративного ИИ в образовательном процессе влечет за собой принятие комплекса решений по непосредственному регулированию применения этих моделей, этическим вопросам, пересмотру форм самостоятельной работы студентов, в том числе итоговых и тестовых заданий, а также диктует необходимость поиска конструктивных подходов к внедрению ИИ для повышения качества образования и совершенствования работы высшей школы. Кроме того, ИИ ставит перед высшей школой задачу формирования и развития у студентов критической оценки результатов взаимодействия человека и нейросети, понимания ограничений и возможностей генерируемой информации, а также допустимых форматов ее использования в научной и учебной работе.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>neural network</kwd><kwd>digitalization</kwd><kwd>students</kwd><kwd>higher education</kwd><kwd>academic performance</kwd><kwd>plagiarism</kwd><kwd>critical thinking</kwd><kwd>assessment</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>нейросеть</kwd><kwd>цифровизация</kwd><kwd>студенты</kwd><kwd>высшее образование</kwd><kwd>успеваемость</kwd><kwd>плагиат</kwd><kwd>критическое мышление</kwd><kwd>оценка</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zakharova I.G., Vorobieva M.S., Boganyuk Yu.V. 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