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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Социология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2272</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8897</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumamba</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">36339</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2272-2023-23-3-600-611</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">WIRMFE</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Sociological lectures</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Социологический лекторий</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The West, Russia and China: Inheritance systems and ways of economic development</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Запад, Россия и Китай: системы наследования и пути развития экономики</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dorokhina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дорохина</surname><given-names>Ольга Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru">кандидат социологических наук, доцент кафедры управления проектами и программами Института государственной службы и управления</bio><email>odorokhina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinelnikov</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синельников</surname><given-names>Александр Борисович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru">доктор социологических наук, профессор кафедры социологии семьи и демографии</bio><email>sinalexander@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Barkov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барков</surname><given-names>Сергей Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru">доктор социологических наук, заведующий кафедрой экономической социологии и менеджмента</bio><email>barkserg@live.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-09-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 23, NO3 (2023)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 23, №3 (2023)</issue-title><fpage>600</fpage><lpage>611</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-10-12"><day>12</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Dorokhina O.V., Sinelnikov A.B., Barkov S.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Дорохина О.В., Синельников А.Б., Барков С.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dorokhina O.V., Sinelnikov A.B., Barkov S.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дорохина О.В., Синельников А.Б., Барков С.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/36339">https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/36339</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">The current confrontation between Russia-China and the West requires a study of civilizational differences that determine national identities and attitudes towards social-economic values. This confrontation has deep cultural roots; thus, the Russian-Western intense rivalry in the 18th - 19th centuries was based on different perceptions of social reality, different value orientations and priorities in economy, politics and other spheres. Sociologists and social philosophers have studied factors that determined civilizational differences between non-Western and Western societies, namely the Russian world and the Anglo-Saxon world for decades, emphasizing their confessional differences, fundamentally divergent geopolitical interests, opposite political systems and so on. In the social-economic perspective, property rights are a significant basis of civilizational differences. The West has always considered its clear stand on property rights as the only possible. However, this position can be based on either economic considerations or moral criteria. Such differences are reflected in inheritance systems, although sociologists rarely focus on them. The division between heirs in equal parts complies with the moral standards of our society and is known as the path of ‘communal good’. Another way is to transfer the greater part of property to one member of the family in order to avoid its fragmentation, which is reasonable in the economic perspective but not always morally acceptable; this is the path known as ‘rational evil’. Thus, inheritance systems are among the most crucial civilizational differences between Russia and the West. The civilizational analysis is fundamentally important under the current confrontation between the West and Russia- China, and the position on private property and inheritance system determines civilizational differences. In Western Europe, the right of primogeniture was in force for a long time, and its cruel laws dictated that all real estate and most of the other property was inherited by the eldest son. This rule contributed to the earlу development of capitalism based on wage labor. On the contrary, in Russia, China and many other non-Western countries, the inheritance was divided among all children. Although it was disadvantageous for the social-economic development, it did not contradict conventional moral standards and did not destroy family relationships. In post-industrial societies, the institutional context has radically changed and the division of property among relatives does not</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Нынешнее противостояние, с одной стороны, России и Китая, с другой стороны, Запада, требует изучения тех цивилизационных различий, что обусловили национальные идентичности и отношение к социально-экономическим ценностям во всех трех странах. Это противостояние имеет глубокие культурные корни: так, острое российско-западное соперничество в XVIII-XIX веках проистекало из разного восприятия социальных реалий, разных ценностных ориентаций и приоритетов в экономической, политической и других сферах. Социологи и социальные философы всегда интересовались факторами цивилизационных различий между незападными и западными обществами, прежде всего между русским и англосаксонским мирами, подчеркивая их конфессиональные особенности, принципиально расходящиеся геополитические интересы, противоположные политические системы и т.д. С социально-экономической точки зрения права собственности - значимое основание цивилизационных различий. В Западной Европе долгое время действовали законы майората, согласно жестокой логике которых вся недвижимость и б о льшая часть иной собственности переходила по наследству к старшему сыну, а другие дети вынуждены были сами обеспечивать свое существование. Такая ситуация стимулировала ранее развитие капитализма на основе наемного труда. В России, Китае и многих других незападных странах наследство делилось между всеми детьми, что было невыгодно для социально-экономического развития, но не противоречило моральным нормам и не разрушало семейные отношения. В постиндустриальном обществе институциональный контекст развития бизнеса изменился, и разделение собственности между родственниками уже не является препятствием экономического роста. В статье обозначены причины жизнеспособности и проблемы китайского семейного бизнеса, который основан на тесных родственных связях и развивается настолько успешно, что Китай стал опасным конкурентом для стран Запада.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>family</kwd><kwd>inheritance</kwd><kwd>primogeniture</kwd><kwd>economic development</kwd><kwd>family business</kwd><kwd>China</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>West</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>семья</kwd><kwd>наследство</kwd><kwd>майорат</kwd><kwd>экономическое развитие</kwd><kwd>семейный бизнес</kwd><kwd>Китай</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>Запад</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work is supported by Russian Science Foundation under RSCF Grant No. 23-28-00518.&#13;
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