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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Социология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2272</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8897</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumamba</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">36331</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2272-2023-23-3-468-484</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">WWNFKX</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Theory, Methodology and History of Sociological Research</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Вопросы истории, теории и методологии</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Two and a half undeservedly forgotten conceptual foundations of rural sociology</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Два с половиной незаслуженно забытых концептуальных основания сельской социологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikulin</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никулин</surname><given-names>Александр Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru">кандидат экономических наук, директор Центра аграрных исследований Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации; проректор по научной работе Московской высшей школы социальных и экономических наук</bio><email>harmina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Trotsuk</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Троцук</surname><given-names>Ирина Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru">доктор социологических наук, профессор кафедры социологии Российского университета дружбы народов; ведущий научный сотрудник Центра аграрных исследований Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации и Центра фундаментальной социологии Национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики»</bio><email>irina.trotsuk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow School of Social and Economic Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московская высшая школа социальных и экономических наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-09-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 23, NO3 (2023)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 23, №3 (2023)</issue-title><fpage>468</fpage><lpage>484</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-10-12"><day>12</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Nikulin A.M., Trotsuk I.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Никулин А.М., Троцук И.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikulin A.M., Trotsuk I.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никулин А.М., Троцук И.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/36331">https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/36331</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">Although Russian society is strongly connected with the countryside and has deep ‘rural roots’, agrarian issues have always been somewhat marginal in the national scientific tradition, mainly in its social-scientific branch. Today the situation seems to change due to at least two globally urgent issues - sustainable food-security patterns (agricultural production) and rural social/human capital - which increase both theoretical and practical interest to the heuristic and reform potential of the rural sociology research. To the acknowledged factors of the somewhat marginal status of rural sociology the authors add the fact that not all its conceptual foundations, especially in the national tradition, were identified and systematized. The article presents only two and a half such foundations: agricultural economics, theories of peasant agrarianism, and, partly, theory of rural-urban continuum (forgotten in its rural half and widely used to explain suburbanization trends). In the first part of the article, the authors reconstruct the historical path of agricultural economics, focusing on its creative adaptation to the specific conditions of rural Russia. At the turn of the 1920s - 1930s, the national and global political-ideological crisis of agricultural economics determined the replacement of its initial German economic-philosophical agrarian approach by the American pragmatic agricultural approach and applied farm management. In the second part of the article, the authors summarize, on the one hand, utopian, political-economic and populist ideas of agrarianism (1); on the other hand, reasons for its fair criticism which did not focus on the utopian ideas of agrarianism (rather on its being an eclectic pragmatic ideology, contradictions between its left and right wings, its negative conservative potential, lack of political experience and decisiveness, and so on). In the third part of the article, the authors reconstruct a more successful life path of the theory of ruralurban continuum, which emphasizes not so much the fundamental differences between rural and urban communities as a spatially extended rural-urban scale of community types differing by size, population density, division of labor, isolation, local solidarity, and so on. This continuum model remains extremely important for the analysis of the social development of contemporary rural areas and should be supplemented by the elements of the theory of peasant economy and cooperation in order to study comprehensively rural social and human capital.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Хотя российское общество и сегодня тесно связано с «деревенским образом жизни», аграрные вопросы всегда имели несколько маргинальный статус в научной традиции, особенно в ее обществоведческом разделе. Сегодня ситуация меняется под влиянием как минимум двух глобальных насущных задач - обеспечение устойчивых показателей продовольственной безопасности (сельскохозяйственное производство) и сохранение и развитие сельского социального/человеческого капитала, и обе задачи объясняют все возрастающий теоретический и практический интерес к познавательному и реформаторскому потенциалу сельско-социологических исследований. К общепризнанным причинам «маргинальности» сельской социологии авторы добавляют то обстоятельство, что не все ее значимые концептуальные основания, особенно в отечественной традиции, были должным образом определены и систематизированы. В качестве таковых в статье обозначены: наука сельскохозяйственная экономия, теории крестьянского аграризма и, отчасти, концепция сельско-городского континуума (позабытая в своей сельской половине, но широко применяемая для объяснения субурбанизационных тенденций). В первой части статьи авторы реконструируют исторический путь сельскохозяйственной экономии, подчеркивая ее творческую адаптацию к особенностям российской сельской жизни. На рубеже 1920-х - 1930-х годов ее политико-идеологический кризис обусловил вытеснение ее исходных немецких экономико-философских аграрных идей американским сельскохозяйственным прагматизмом и прикладным управлением сельскохозяйственными предприятиями. Во второй части статьи авторы суммируют, с одной стороны, утопические, политико-экономические и народнические идеи европейского и российского аграризма, с другой стороны, причины его справедливой критики, не всегда сосредоточенной на утопизме (скорее на эклектичной идеологии, противоречиях правых и левых аграристов, негативном консервативном потенциале, отсутствии политического опыта и решительности, и т.д.). В третьей части статьи авторы реконструируют более успешный жизненный путь теории сельско-городского континуума как подчеркивающей не столько фундаментальные различия города и деревни, сколько пространственную протяженность «шкалы» сельско-городских сообществ, различающихся размером, плотностью населения, разделением труда, изолированностью, локальной солидарностью и т.д. Модель континуума остается предельно важной для изучения сельских сообществ и должна быть дополнена элементами теории крестьянского хозяйства и кооперации - чтобы всесторонне изучать сельский социальный/человеческий капитал.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rural sociology</kwd><kwd>social/human capital</kwd><kwd>agricultural economics</kwd><kwd>theories of peasant agrarianism</kwd><kwd>theory of rural-urban continuum</kwd><kwd>rural and urban communities</kwd><kwd>rural areas</kwd><kwd>agricultural production</kwd><kwd>rural and urban way of life</kwd><kwd>theory of peasant economy and cooperation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сельская социология</kwd><kwd>социальный/человеческий капитал</kwd><kwd>сельскохозяйственная экономия</kwd><kwd>теории крестьянского аграризма</kwd><kwd>теория сельско-городского континуума</kwd><kwd>сельские и городские сообщества</kwd><kwd>сельские территории</kwd><kwd>сельскохозяйственное производство</kwd><kwd>сельский и городской образ жизни</kwd><kwd>теория крестьянского хозяйства и кооперации</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared in the framework of a research grant funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (grant ID: 075-15-2022-326).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках гранта, предоставленного Министерством науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (№ соглашения о предоставлении гранта: 075-15-2022-326).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Aereboe F. 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