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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Социология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2272</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8897</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumamba</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">27421</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2272-2021-21-3-567-579</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Sociological lectures</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Социологический лекторий</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Small entrepreneurship: The role in the social-economic system</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Малое предпринимательство: роль в социально-экономической системе</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Golodova</surname><given-names>Zh. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голодова</surname><given-names>Жанна Гаврииловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор экономических наук, профессор кафедры национальной экономики</p></bio><email>golodova-zhg@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>Павел Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший преподаватель кафедры национальной экономики</p></bio><email>smirnov-pa@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-09-17" publication-format="electronic"><day>17</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 21, NO3 (2021)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 21, №3 (2021)</issue-title><fpage>567</fpage><lpage>579</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-09-17"><day>17</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Golodova Z.G., Smirnov P.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Голодова Ж.Г., Смирнов П.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Golodova Z.G., Smirnov P.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Голодова Ж.Г., Смирнов П.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/27421">https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/27421</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">Optimizing the structure of the economy and ensuring the stable employment are the most important components in the policy of developing a flexible and competitive economy. The economic development strategies of the EAEU countries emphasize the need to increase the share of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in GDP and the share of the employed in this sector. However, the planned development parameters have never been achieved, which is determined not only by a long period of economic instability and insufficient government support for SMEs, but also by the social perception of entrepreneurship. The article considers the role of entrepreneurship, primarily small business, in the social-economic system. Based on the generalization of the entrepreneurship interpretations, the authors show that it has both economic and social significance, especially in the countries with developing markets. Small business performs numerous functions and has such features as mass character, innovations, riskiness and responsibility; it is an institution of social development, and a factor of economic growth and political stability. The analysis of the activities of small business in the EAEU countries (Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia) in 2015-2019 shows their significant lag behind the developed countries. However, in recent years, the social role of SMEs has increased for they take into account the needs of local consumers and the possibilities of local markets, which is due both to the number of employees and their qualifications, and to the introduction of science-intensive technologies. The sociological data prove a change in the social perception of entrepreneurship: it is recognized as a successful career option and social status, but also as facing challenges that hinder its development. The article is based on the statistical data of the EAEU countries and the Eurasian Economic Commission, analytical materials of rating agencies and research centers.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Оптимизация структуры экономики и обеспечение стабильной занятости населения - важнейшие составляющие политики формирования гибкой и конкурентоспособной экономики. Стратегии экономического развития стран ЕАЭС подчеркивают необходимость увеличения доли малого и среднего предпринимательства (МСП) в ВВП и доли занятых в этом секторе. Однако запланированные параметры развития ни разу не были достигнуты, что обусловлено не только длительным периодом экономической нестабильности и недостаточной государственной поддержкой субъектов МСП, но и отношением населения к предпринимательству. В статье рассмотрена роль предпринимательства, прежде всего малого, в социально-экономической системе. На основе обобщения трактовок предпринимательства показано, что наряду с экономической значима и его социальная составляющая, особенно для стран с развивающимися рынками. Малое предпринимательство, выполняя многочисленные функции и обладая такими чертами, как массовость, инновационность, рисковость и ответственность, является институтом социального развития, фактором экономического роста и политической стабильности. Анализ результатов деятельности субъектов малого предпринимательства в странах ЕАЭС (Белоруссии, Казахстане и России) в 2015-2019 годы показал их существенное отставание от развитых стран. Однако в последние годы возрастает социальная роль МСП, учитывающего потребности местных потребителей и возможности локальных рынков. Это связано как с числом занятых и уровнем их квалификации, так и в внедрением наукоемких технологий. Данные социологических исследований показывают изменение восприятия предпринимательской деятельности в странах ЕАЭС: она признается удачным вариантом карьеры и социального статуса, но осознаются и проблемы, сдерживающие развитие малого предпринимательства. В статье использованы данные органов статистики стран ЕАЭС и Евразийской экономической комиссии, аналитические материалы рейтинговых агентств и исследовательских центров.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>small and medium-sized entrepreneurship (SMEs)</kwd><kwd>social responsibility</kwd><kwd>motivation for entrepreneurship</kwd><kwd>perception of small entrepreneurship</kwd><kwd>social-economic system</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>малое и среднее предпринимательство (МСП)</kwd><kwd>социальная ответственность</kwd><kwd>мотивация предпринимательства</kwd><kwd>восприятие малого предпринимательства</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bez raboty ostalas tret rabotnikov predpriyatiy — uchastnikov oprosa NPP “Atameken” [A third of employees of enterprises-participants of the survey by NPP “Atameken” lost jobs]. 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