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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Социология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2272</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8897</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumamba</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">25769</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2272-2021-21-1-18-35</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Theory, Methodology and History of Sociological Research</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Вопросы истории, теории и методологии</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Lifestyle diseases: Health in the contemporary city</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Болезни образа жизни: здоровье человека в современном городе</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Martynenko</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартыненко</surname><given-names>Татьяна Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат социологических наук, старший преподаватель кафедры современной социологии</p></bio><email>ts.martynenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-02-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 21, NO1 (2021)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 21, №1 (2021)</issue-title><fpage>18</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-02-26"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Martynenko T.S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Мартыненко Т.С.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Martynenko T.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мартыненко Т.С.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/25769">https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/25769</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents an overview of studies of the factors that affect health in the contemporary city. The increase in the urban population makes it necessary to analyze factors (environmental, social, etc.) and features of the urban structure in terms of their impact on the quality and standards of living. However, assessments of the city in the study of healthy lifestyle are contradictory. On the one hand, researchers emphasize the availability of medical care, effective fight against infectious diseases, and numerous attempts to transform the visual urban space. On the other hand, researchers stress the spatial inequality of the urban structure (for example, in access to health care), the spread of noncommunicable and lifestyle diseases in cities, the destruction of social ties and the problem of loneliness. Therefore, it is necessary to systematize the current research, identify the main risks of urban lifestyle, and discuss the role of social sciences in such interdisciplinary studies. The proposed typology of health research in the contemporary city is based on Yu.P. Lisitsyn’s ratio of factors that determine the level of health. Although many studies claim an integrated approach, the analysis showed that most of them present one of three approaches: the study of sanitary-hygienic features of the urban space (or its medical aspects); the study of ecology and architecture of the urban space; the study of social-psychological features of the urban lifestyle. The systematization of the main risks of the urban lifestyle allowed the author to identify the priority areas of its study. Thus, based on the features of the covid-19 pandemic in cities, the author argues that there is a need for more active participation of sociologists in the discussion of both infectious and non-communicable diseases, which should focus on social factors of their spread, course, prevention and control.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье представлен обзор исследований, посвященных факторам, которые влияют на здоровье человека в современном городе. Увеличение численности городского населения обусловливает необходимость анализа факторов (экологических, социальных и др.) и особенностей городского устройства с точки зрения их влияния на качество и уровень жизни. При этом оценки города в контексте изучения здорового образа жизни весьма противоречивы. С одной стороны, исследователи подчеркивают доступность медицинской помощи, эффективную борьбу с инфекционными заболеваниями, многочисленные попытки преобразования визуального городского пространства. С другой стороны, отмечают пространственное неравенство городского устройства (например, в доступе к качественной медицине), распространение в городах неинфекционных заболеваний и болезней образа жизни, разрушение социальных связей и проблему одиночества. В связи с этим представляется необходимой систематизация существующих исследований, выявление основных рисков городского образа жизни и обсуждение роли социальных наук в этих междисциплинарных исследованиях. В основу типологии исследований здоровья человека в современном городе было положено обоснованное Ю.П. Лисицыным соотношение факторов, определяющих уровень здоровья. Проведенный анализ показал, что, хотя многие исследования претендуют на комплексный подход, чаще всего их можно отнести к одному из трех направлений: рассматривающие санитарно-гигиенические особенности городского пространства (или медицинские аспекты); фокусирующиеся на экологии и архитектуре городского пространства; исследования, в центре внимания которых находятся социальные и психологические особенности городского образа жизни в контексте здоровья человека. Систематизация основных рисков городского образа жизни позволяет обозначить наиболее приоритетные направления его изучения. Так, на основе анализа особенностей распространения пандемии covid-19 в городах делается вывод о необходимости более активного участия социологов в обсуждении как инфекционных, так и неинфекционных заболеваний - с точки зрения социальных факторов их распространения, протекания, профилактики и борьбы с ними.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lifestyle</kwd><kwd>urbanization</kwd><kwd>healthy city</kwd><kwd>public health</kwd><kwd>social ecology</kwd><kwd>everyday practices</kwd><kwd>non-communicable diseases</kwd><kwd>infectious diseases</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>образ жизни</kwd><kwd>урбанизация</kwd><kwd>здоровый город</kwd><kwd>общественное здоровье</kwd><kwd>социальная экология</kwd><kwd>повседневные практики</kwd><kwd>неинфекционные заболевания</kwd><kwd>инфекционные заболевания</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research. 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