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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Социология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2272</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8897</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumamba</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">20553</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2272-2019-19-1-20-30</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Contemporary society: the urgent issues and prospects for development</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Современное общество: актуальные проблемы и перспективы развития</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">China’s human rights concept and its international promotion</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Китайская концепция прав человека и ее международное продвижение</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsvyk</surname><given-names>A V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цвык</surname><given-names>Анатолий Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru">кандидат исторических наук, старший преподаватель кафедры теории и истории международных отношений Российского университета дружбы народов</bio><email>tsvyk-av@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsvyk</surname><given-names>G I</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цвык</surname><given-names>Галина Игоревна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru">кандидат исторических наук, заместитель начальника отдела стран Азии департамента по рекрутингу и сопровождению иностранных обучающихся Российского университета дружбы народов</bio><email>tsvyk-gi@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University (Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 19, NO1 (2019)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 19, №1 (2019)</issue-title><fpage>20</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-02-19"><day>19</day><month>02</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Tsvyk A.V., Tsvyk G.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Цвык А.В., Цвык Г.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsvyk A.V., Tsvyk G.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цвык А.В., Цвык Г.И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/20553">https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/20553</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en">In the contemporary inter-state relations, human rights are not only a subject of disputes but also a lever of influence or pressure, a set of material and non-material structures, institutions and processes that determine the course of international life. Thus, human rights have become a full-fledged factor of international relations. In recent decades, the problem of human rights in China has been one of the most controversial issues in the relations of China and the Western countries. It is the specific nature of China’s human rights concept that determines contradictions between China and the West. The authors argue that the concept of human rights in China is based on the national tradition of the primacy of the state over the interests of an individual. China’s human rights concept rethinks Confucianism and Marxism emphasizing the need to respect the collective rights of the people to the socio-economic development as well as to ensure stability and security of the state and preserve its sovereignty. At the same time, as the authors point out, in recent years China, which traditionally takes a defensive position on the human rights issue in its international agenda, has promoted its own concept of human rights at the international level. In this regard, in the authors opinion, it is necessary to analyse the factors, which have affected the formation of China’s human rights concept, as well as the position of China’s authorities on this issue, and the purposes and tools of China's so-called ‘human rights diplomacy’. At the conclusion the authors summarize the basic features of China’s human rights concept, which form the theoretical basis of ‘human rights diplomacy’ of the PRC.</abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">В последние десятилетия проблема прав человека в Китае стала одним из наиболее спорных и противоречивых вопросов во взаимоотношениях Китая и Запада. Суть споров, по мнению авторов, заключается в непонимании западными странами специфики прав человека в «Поднебесной», которые во многом отличается от либеральной концепции прав человека на Западе. Концепция прав человека в Китае основана на национальной традиции верховенства государственных интересов над личными. На формирование понятия прав человека в Китае большое влияние оказали древние философские течения (в первую очередь конфуцианство), а также марксизм. Китайская концепция прав человека придает особое значение необходимости уважать коллективные права и их верховенству над личными правами, преобладанию социально-экономических прав над политическими. Под правами человека руководство страны понимает гражданские права, отмечая их примат над естественными правами. По мнению руководителей КНР, подобное определение прав человека обеспечит стабильность и безопасность государства, защитит его суверенитет, будет способствовать созданию «среднезажиточного общества» сяокан . В то же время Китай, традиционно занимавший оборонительную позицию, которая сводилась к публикации с 1991 года Белых книг по правам человека в ответ на критику западных стран, а также к созданию двусторонних диалоговых механизмов по правозащитной проблематике со странами Запада, начал продвигать собственную концепцию прав человека на международном уровне, используя как институты международной системы защиты прав (в рамках Совета по правам человека ООН), так и форумы по правам человека, которые проходят в Китае (Пекинский форум и Форум «Юг-Юг»). По мнению авторов, необходимо изучать факторы, которые определили понимание прав человека руководством страны, а также цели, задачи и механизмы «дипломатии прав человека» в Китае. В частности, авторы обозначают особенности концепции прав человека, которую Китай продвигает на международной арене.</trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>China</kwd><kwd>Western countries</kwd><kwd>human rights</kwd><kwd>political discourse</kwd><kwd>Confucianism</kwd><kwd>Marxism</kwd><kwd>diplomacy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Китай</kwd><kwd>западные страны</kwd><kwd>права человека</kwd><kwd>политический дискурс</kwd><kwd>конфуцианство</kwd><kwd>марксизм</kwd><kwd>дипломатия</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>A brief history of the modern human rights discourse in China. 1995. https://www.carnegiecouncil.org/publications/archive/dialogue/1_03/articles/515.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Angle S. Human rights and Chinese Thought. 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