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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Социология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2272</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8897</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumamba</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17293</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2272-2017-17-4-513-523</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Contemporary society: the urgent issues and prospects for development</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Современное общество: актуальные проблемы и перспективы развития</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">SOUTH SUDAN STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE, AND IT’S IMPLICATIONS FOR AFRICA</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>БОРЬБА ЮЖНОГО СУДАНА ЗА НЕЗАВИСИМОСТЬ И ЕЕ ВЛИЯНИЕ НА СУДЬБЫ АФРИКИ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kumsa</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кумса</surname><given-names>А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>alemayehu.kumsa@fhs.cuni.cz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Charles University in Prague</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Карлов Университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 17, NO4 (2017)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 17, №4 (2017)</issue-title><fpage>513</fpage><lpage>523</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2017-11-17"><day>17</day><month>11</month><year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2017, Kumsa A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2017, Кумса А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kumsa A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кумса А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/17293">https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/17293</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en">Sudan survived different external rules, at least starting from 1821, when it became a part of the Egyptian Ottomans. Egypt played an important role in the colonial expansion as an agent of the Otto-mans. The rulers of Egypt were Turkish-speaking governing bodies that dominated Egypt since the medieval period. The Arab-Islamic movement known as Mahdist Movement at first was considered a liberator, but turned out to be a political machine of Arabization, Islamization and slavery during its brutal rule in 1881-1889. The Mahdist government of this Islamic theocratic rule was defeated by the Anglo-Egyptian army in 1889. The Anglo-Egyptians rule in Sudan lasted from 1898 to 1956, and was known as a condominium. The colonial rulers, without any consultations with the Southern Sudan peoples, handover power to the Northern Sudanese political elite, which kindled an atrocious conflict between the Southerners and the new rulers from the north. The refusal of the Southerners to be ruled by their Northern neighbors unleashed the first Sudan war (1955-1972). This violent conflict ended with the signing of the agreement, according to which South Sudan gained autonomy to administer its own affairs within the Sudan state. The autonomy was abrogated unilaterally by the central government in 1983 due to the discovery of the oil deposits in the south of the country in 1978 by a Canadian company, and the central government of Sudan did not wish to share profits with the South. The second Sudan war (1983-2005) ended with the independence of South Sudan (2011), which opened doors for changing the colonial borders of Africa. Thus, the article consid-ers regional and international role of the South Sudanese struggle for independence and its implications for the liberation of other countries of the continent.</abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">История Судана представляет собой череду внешних правлений, по крайней мере начиная с 1821 года, когда Судан стал частью Османской империи в составе Египта, сыгравшего важную роль в колониальной экспансии империи. На смену египетскому правлению пришло махдистское движение, которое сначала воспринималось как освободительное, но оказалось мощным инструментом последовательной арабизации и исламизации региона, а также создало жестокий режим административного контроля (1881-1889), основанный на рабовладении. Махдистское теократическое правительство было свергнуто англо-египетской армией в 1889 году. Англо-египетское правление в Судане просуществовало с 1898 по 1956 годы и получило название кондоминимума Египта и Великобритании. Не проведя никаких политических переговоров с представителями Южного Судана, новая колониальная администрация передала бразды правления страной политическим элитам северного Судана, что породило жесточайший конфликт между южанами и правящей северной элитой. Отказ Южного Судана подчиняться своему северному соседу привело к первой гражданской войне (1955-1972). Конец ей положило подписание соглашения, согласно которому Южный Судан получил административную автономию в составе единого государства с северным Суданом. Это соглашение было нарушено в одностороннем порядке центральным правительством страны в 1983 году после открытия богатых нефтяных месторождений на юге, поскольку центральное правительство не желало делиться доходами от их освоения с южным регионом. Разразившаяся вторая гражданская война (1983-2005) была окончательно завершена лишь в 2011 году, когда Южный Судан обрел независимость, и это событие положило начало изменению колониальных границ на всем африканском континенте. Таким образом, в статье обозначено региональное и международное значение борьбы Южного Судана за независимость для освобождения всех стран Африки.</trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>South Sudan</kwd><kwd>Arabization</kwd><kwd>Islamization</kwd><kwd>slavery</kwd><kwd>colonial regimes</kwd><kwd>political and economic prerequisites of the conflict</kwd><kwd>civil war</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Южный Судан</kwd><kwd>арабизация</kwd><kwd>исламизация</kwd><kwd>рабство</kwd><kwd>колониальное управле-ние</kwd><kwd>политические и экономические предпосылки конфликта</kwd><kwd>гражданская война</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Beshir M.O. The Southern Sudan: Background to Conflict. London; 1968.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Chabal P. Africa: The Politics of Suffering and Smiling. 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