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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Sociology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Социология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2272</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8897</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumamba</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">13999</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Contemporary society: the urgent issues and prospects for development</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Современное общество: актуальные проблемы и перспективы развития</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Churches, Returns Directive, and the immigration issues in the European Union</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Церкви, Директива о возвращении и иммиграционные вопросы в Европейском Союзе</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mudrov</surname><given-names>S A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мудров</surname><given-names>Сергей Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новоевропейский колледж</p></bio><email>mudrov@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute for Advanced Study, New Europe College</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт последипломного образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2016-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 16, NO3 (2016)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 16, №3 (2016)</issue-title><fpage>519</fpage><lpage>529</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-11-02"><day>02</day><month>11</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2016, S A Mudrov</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2016, Мудров С.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">S A Mudrov</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мудров С.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/13999">https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/view/13999</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article analyses the role of Christian churches in the European Union immigration policy with the special focus on the elaboration and adoption of the Directive on common standards and procedures in Member States for returning illegally staying third-country nationals (the so-called ‘Returns Directive’). The author briefly discusses the main developments of the European Union policy in the area of migration and asylum, and then identifies the key Christian organizations, which work in this sphere at the European Union level. This part of the article is followed by the detailed analysis of the process of adoption of the Returns Directive. It was the first legislative proposal made under the co-decision mechanism in the area of migration and asylum. Christian organizations were involved in this process almost from its beginning exercising their influence via statements and negotiations. Although many Churches’ suggestions were not taken into account, this happened under the great diversity of opinions of the stakeholders, which made the promotion of Churches’ perspective very complicated. Overall, the author considers necessary to admit that Christian organizations with all their experience and expertise proved to be respected partners of the European Union policy-making in the sphere of migration and asylum.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье анализируется роль христианских церквей в иммиграционной политике Европейского Союза. Особое внимание автор уделяет длительному процессу разработки и принятия «Директивы об общих стандартах и процедурах, подлежащих применению в государствах-членах для возврата незаконно пребывающих на их территории граждан третьих стран» (так называемая «Директива о возвращении»). В начале статьи кратко рассмотрены основные черты политики Европейского Союза в области внешней миграции и предоставления убежища, а также определены ведущие христианские организации, работающие в данной сфере на общеевропейском уровне принятия решений, в том числе юридического характера. Далее автор детально анализирует процесс принятия Директивы о возвращении, показывая здесь и основные исторические этапы, и ключевые дискуссионные моменты. Данная директива была первым законопроектом, предложенным в условиях действии механизма совместного принятия решений в области миграции и предоставления убежища на территории Европейского Союза. Христианские организации участвовали в процессе принятия директивы с самого начала посредством официальных критических заявлений и переговоров. Невзирая на гуманистический пафос, многие предложения церквей не были учтены в итоговом документе, что, видимо, следует объяснять серьезными расхождениями во мнениях участников законодательного процесса, что значительно затрудняло продвижение позиции церквей. В целом можно признать, что христианские организации, с учетом их огромного опыта и разносторонних экспертных знаний, подтвердили свой статус уважаемых партнеров Европейского Союза в области миграции и предоставления убежища.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Christian churches</kwd><kwd>European Union</kwd><kwd>immigration</kwd><kwd>Returns Directive</kwd><kwd>religion</kwd><kwd>non-governmental organizations</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>христианские церкви</kwd><kwd>Европейский Союз</kwd><kwd>иммиграция</kwd><kwd>Директива о возвращении</kwd><kwd>религия</kwd><kwd>неправительственные организации</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Acosta D. The good, the bad and the ugly in EU Migration Law: Is the European Parliament becoming bad and ugly? (The adoption of Directive 2008/15: The Returns Directive). European Journal of Migration and Law. 2009. Vol. 11. 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