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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Теория языка. Семиотика. Семантика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2299</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-1236</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">52664</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2299-2026-17-2-625-647</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">LYHRVN</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DISCURSIVE STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИСКУРСИВНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The Interrelation of Metaphor and Evaluation in the Representation of Russia’s Image in English-Language Media Discourse in Great Britain and India</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Взаимосвязь метафоры и оценки в репрезентации образа России в англоязычном медиадискурсе Великобритании и Индии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1807-8370</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57223031724</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7494-7512</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinin</surname><given-names>Oleg I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинин</surname><given-names>Олег Игоревич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr.Sc. (Philology); Professor at the Chinese Language Department, Faculty of Translation and Interpreting, Moscow State Linguistic University ; Associate Professor at the 36th Department, Institute of Foreign Languages, Military University; Senior Researcher of the Department of Scientific and Innovative Activity, South Ural State University</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор филологических наук; доцент, профессор кафедры китайского языка переводческого факультета; доцент 36 кафедры института иностранных языков; старший научный сотрудник Управления научной и инновационной деятельности, Южно-Уральский государственный университет</p></bio><email>okalinin.lingua@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow State Linguistic University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный лингвистический университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Military University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Военный университет имени князя Александра Невского Министерства обороны РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">South Ural State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Южно-Уральский государственный университет (национальный исследовательский университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-09-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN APPLIED LINGUISTICS: CURRENT CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВЫЗОВЫ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА В ПРИКЛАДНОЙ ЛИНГВИСТИКЕ</issue-title><fpage>625</fpage><lpage>647</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-10-06"><day>06</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Kalinin O.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Калинин О.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kalinin O.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Калинин О.И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/semiotics-semantics/article/view/52664">https://journals.rudn.ru/semiotics-semantics/article/view/52664</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the context of global information polarization, a nation’s image becomes a strategic resource of soft power and an object of discursive confrontation. This study is devoted to a comparative linguopragmatic analysis of the metaphorical and evaluative representation of Russia in English-language media discourse in Great Britain and India. The relevance of the research stems from the contrasting geopolitical positions of these countries, which makes it possible to reveal the extent to which the choice of evaluative means and metaphorical models is pragmatically and ideologically determined when constructing representations of the same referent. The aim of the study was to perform a comparative analysis of the specific features of metaphorical and evaluative representation of Russia’s image in two comparable subcorpora of English-language media texts, with quantitative identification of the nature of their interaction and dependence on extralinguistic factors. To achieve this aim, a qualitative linguopragmatic analysis of evaluative and metaphorical devices was conducted; integrated indices of evaluativity (EDI, EII, ELFI) and metaphoricity (MDI, MII, MLFI) were developed and applied; correlation analysis of the relationships between density, intensity, and linguistic form of evaluation and of metaphor was carried out for each subcorpus; and the statistical relationship between the overall evaluative tone towards Russia (+/-) and metaphoricity parameters across the entire dataset was established. The findings demonstrate that the British media discourse is characterised by high density and emotional intensity of both evaluative means and metaphors, thereby implementing a strategy of overt negative evaluation and demonisation of Russia. In contrast, the Indian discourse exhibits moderate indices and a predominance of rational and latent evaluative forms consistent with a policy of strategic autonomy. Correlation analysis confirmed a strong negative relationship between negative evaluation of Russia and the intensity/density of metaphors, whereas the linguistic form of metaphors proved statistically insignificant. Thus, emotionally charged and frequent metaphors emerge as the key instrument for constructing an anti-Russian narrative in media discourse.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В условиях глобальной информационной поляризации национальный образ государства превращается в стратегический ресурс мягкой силы и объект дискурсивного противоборства. Данная работа посвящена сравнительному лингвопрагматическому анализу метафорической и оценочной репрезентации России в англоязычном медиадискурсе Великобритании и Индии. Актуальность исследования обусловлена контрастными геополитическими позициями стран, что позволяет выявить степень прагматической и идеологической детерминированности выбора оценочных средств и метафорических моделей при конструировании одного и того же референта. Целью исследования являлся сравнительный анализ особенностей метафорической и оценочной репрезентации образа России в двух сопоставимых подкорпусах англоязычных медиатекстов с количественным выявлением характера их взаимодействия и зависимости от экстралингвистических факторов. Для достижения цели был проведен качественный лингвопрагматический анализ оценочных и метафорических средств; разработаны и применены интегральные индексы оценочности и метафоричности, выполнен корреляционный анализ взаимосвязи между плотностью, интенсивностью и языковой формой оценки и метафоры в каждом подкорпусе, установлена статистическая связь между характером общей оценки России и параметрами метафоричности на всем массиве данных. Полученные результаты показали, что британский медиадискурс характеризуется высокой плотностью и эмоциональной интенсивностью как оценочных средств, так и метафор, реализуя стратегию открытой негативной оценки России, тогда как индийский дискурс демонстрирует умеренные показатели и преобладание рациональных форм оценки, соответствующих политике стратегической автономии. Корреляционный анализ подтвердил сильную отрицательную связь между негативной оценкой России и интенсивностью/плотностью метафор при статистически незначимой роли языковой формы метафоры. Таким образом, именно эмоционально насыщенные и частотные метафоры выступают ключевым инструментом формирования антироссийского нарратива в медиадискурсе.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>linguopragmatics</kwd><kwd>national image</kwd><kwd>correlation analysis</kwd><kwd>representation of Russia</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лингвопрагматика</kwd><kwd>национальный образ</kwd><kwd>корреляционный анализ</kwd><kwd>репрезентация России</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 24-18-00049, https://rscf.ru/project/24-18-00049/</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">The research is financially supported by Russian Science Foundation № 24-18-00049, https://rscf.ru/project/24-18-00049/.</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dinnie, K. 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