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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Теория языка. Семиотика. Семантика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2299</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-1236</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">48566</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2299-2025-16-4-1258-1271</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">NJVGYT</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LANGUAGE THEORY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОРИЯ ЯЗЫКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Transformation of Political Discourse: Language Weaponisation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Трансформация политического дискурса: язык как оружие</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5253-2733</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57217873153</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">AAB-4687-2019</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6520-1445</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zabolotskikh</surname><given-names>Anna V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заболотских</surname><given-names>Анна Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior lecturer, Department of Foreign Languages, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший преподаватель кафедры иностранных языков факультета гуманитарных и социальных наук</p></bio><email>zabolotskikh-av@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1467-3455</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">56579818200</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">G-4265-2019</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2013-1826</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolova</surname><given-names>Elena E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>Елена Евгеньевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Philology, Associate Professor, Department of Foreign Languages</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат филологических наук, доцент Департамента иностранных языков</p></bio><email>sokolova.ee@mipt.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2727-6803</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57195529929</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">ABW-5226-2022</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3183-1668</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tavberidze</surname><given-names>Daria V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тавберидзе</surname><given-names>Дарья Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Philology, Associate Professor, Department of Foreign Languages, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат философских наук, доцент кафедры иностранных языков факультета гуманитарных и социальных наук</p></bio><email>tavberidze_dv@pfur.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1843-9110</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">ACP-6391-2022</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7185-7796</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Medvedev</surname><given-names>Yuri S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Медведев</surname><given-names>Юрий Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Foreign Languages, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат исторических наук, доцент кафедры иностранных языков факультета гуманитарных и социальных наук</p></bio><email>medvedev_yus@pfur.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский физико-технический институт</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-02-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">ON THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE KYRGYZ NATIONAL UNIVERSITY NAMED AFTER JUSUP BALASAGYN</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">К 100-ЛЕТНЕМУ ЮБИЛЕЮ КЫРГЫЗСКОГО НАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА ИМЕНИ ЖУСУПА БАЛАСАГЫНА</issue-title><fpage>1258</fpage><lpage>1271</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-02-26"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Zabolotskikh A.V., Sokolova E.E., Tavberidze D.V., Medvedev Y.S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Заболотских А.В., Соколова Е.Е., Тавберидзе Д.В., Медведев Ю.С.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zabolotskikh A.V., Sokolova E.E., Tavberidze D.V., Medvedev Y.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Заболотских А.В., Соколова Е.Е., Тавберидзе Д.В., Медведев Ю.С.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/semiotics-semantics/article/view/48566">https://journals.rudn.ru/semiotics-semantics/article/view/48566</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The authors see the purpose of the study as a comparative analysis of political discourse on the example of D. Trump’s speeches during his election campaigns in 2016 and 2024. The scientific novelty lies in the confirmation of the concept of using language as a weapon, which acts in Trump’s speeches as a tool to manipulate and control people through different discursive means and in different periods of time. Comparing the changes that discourse has undergone over time allowed the authors to analyse the priorities that reflect the general political tendency for positive emotional encouragement rather than threats and aggression. The relevance of this article is determined by the shift that has occurred in political discourse, which requires a rethinking of how the political actors select linguistic norms and how this selection will affect the formation of modern political language.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель исследования - сравнительный анализ политического дискурса на примере речей Д. Трампа в периоды двух предвыборных компаний 2016 и 2024 гг. Научная новизна заключается в подтверждении концепции использования языка в качестве оружия, которая в речах Д. Трампа выступает как инструмент манипулирования и контроля над людьми с помощью разных дискурсивных средств в разные периоды времени. Сравнение изменений, которые претерпел дискурс с течением времени, позволило проанализировать приоритеты, отражающие общую политическую тенденцию к позитивному эмоциональному поощрению, а не к угрозам и агрессии. Актуальность исследования мотивирована потребностью переосмысления выбора лингвистических норм в политическом дискурсе в условиях произошедшего сдвига в речи действующих лиц в политике., и оценке того, как этот выбор повлияет на язык.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>language as a weapon</kwd><kwd>linguistic manipulation</kwd><kwd>critical discourse analysis</kwd><kwd>corpus research</kwd><kwd>political propaganda</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>язык как оружие</kwd><kwd>языковое манипулирование</kwd><kwd>критический дискурсивный анализ</kwd><kwd>корпусные исследования</kwd><kwd>политическая пропаганда</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Alim, H.S., Rickford, J.R., &amp; Ball, A.F. (2016). Raciolinguistics: How language shapes our ideas about race. 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