The study presents the problem of translating onomatopoeic words, which occupy an important place in the language and culture of the Kazakh and English peoples. Particular attention was paid to the peculiarities of the translation of onomatopoeic units from one language to another, various methods of translation, such as literal translation and equivalent translation. The discrepancy between the sound and meaning of onomatopoeic words in the Kazakh and English languages, as well as cultural and social content is given. It analyzes how onomatopoeic words influence the perception and thinking of texts in two languages and cultures. The issue of taking into account pragmatic factors by translators, such as cultural appearance and context, when transmitting onomatopoeic units has been studied. It provides useful recommendations for translators and linguists. This study explores the intricate nature of literary translation, focusing on the challenges posed by translating onomatopoeic words. It discusses how these words, which mimic sounds in language, present unique difficulties for translators due to their distinct lexical, grammatical, and phonetic characteristics. By delving into the cultural significance and origins of onomatopoeia, the paper sheds light on the complex interplay between language and sensory experience. It underscores the importance of striking a balance between fidelity to the original text and conveying the nuances of onomatopoeic expressions in literary translation.