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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Теория языка. Семиотика. Семантика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2299</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-1236</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">27564</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2299-2021-12-3-652-668</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FUNCTIONAL SEMANTICS AND LINGUISTIC SEMIOTICS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ СЕМАНТИКА И ЛИНГВОСЕМИОТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Motivation of Word Formation in Russian and Arabic Languages and its Role in Achieving Translation Equivalence</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Словообразовательная мотивация в русском и арабском языках и ее роль в достижении переводческой эквивалентности</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-9596</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Al-Foadi</surname><given-names>Raheem A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аль-Фоади</surname><given-names>Рахим Али</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of philological sciences, Associate-Professor of the Russian Language Department, College of Languages</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор филологических наук, доцент кафедры русского языка филологического факультета</p></bio><email>raheem.ali@cis.uobaghdad.edu.iq</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9910-7913</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zarytovskaya</surname><given-names>Victoria N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зарытовская</surname><given-names>Виктория Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD of pedagogical sciences, Associate-Professor of the Department of Foreign Languages, the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат педагогических наук, доцент кафедры иностранных языков факультета гуманитарных и социальных наук</p></bio><email>widaad@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5083-1924</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Al-Roznamachi</surname><given-names>Ragad H.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аль-Рознамачи</surname><given-names>Рагад Хани</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Russian Language, College of Languages</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра русского языка филологического факультета</p></bio><email>raghad.hani191.rh@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">University of Baghdad</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Багдадский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN university)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-10-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Linguistic dominants of grammar and lexics</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Лингвистические доминанты грамматики и словаря</issue-title><fpage>652</fpage><lpage>668</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-10-03"><day>03</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Al-Foadi R.A., Zarytovskaya V.N., Al-Roznamachi R.H.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Аль-Фоади Р.А., Зарытовская В.Н., Аль-Рознамачи Р.Х.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Al-Foadi R.A., Zarytovskaya V.N., Al-Roznamachi R.H.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аль-Фоади Р.А., Зарытовская В.Н., Аль-Рознамачи Р.Х.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/semiotics-semantics/article/view/27564">https://journals.rudn.ru/semiotics-semantics/article/view/27564</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">The article is devoted to the issue of word-formation motivation, which does not lose its relevance and plays a role not only in disclosing formal-semantic relations between words of one language and has not only theoretical, but also applied significance. The authors consider word-formation motivation consistently in its varieties in a comparative way on the materials of so different languages as Russian and Arabic and approach the mechanism of achieving semantic equivalence of translation. To the greatest extent, word-formation activity today, due to objective reasons, affects some special branch (technical, medical, etc.) vocabulary, which is increasing from year to year in national dictionaries. This extensive material, selected by the authors, not only illustrates the current trends in word formation in modern languages, but also provides an answer to the question about the degree of equivalence of this subgroup of words in Russian and Arabic. The goal to compare word-formation motivation according to a number of criteria in different-structured languages made possible not only to obtain theoretical information about what features each of the languages has in word formation and what derivational potential it has, but also to reveal an algorithm for translating derived words from one language to another. For this, the authors complete a number of such particular tasks as highlighting significant elements in the neologisms of the Russian and Arabic languages, establishing standards for the formation of scientific and terminological vocabulary in Arabic, searching for tools (transformation operations, specific word-formation formants) that will contribute to the achievement of translation equivalence from Russian to Arabic, etc. Also the analysis of differences in the mechanisms of the formation of new vocabulary in the Russian and Arabic languages provided an opportunity to supplement the relatively young and rapidly developing private methodology of Russian-Arabic translation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Статья посвящена не теряющему актуальности вопросу словообразовательной мотивации, которая играет роль не только в раскрытии формально-семантических отношений между словами одного языка, но имеет теоретическое и прикладное значение. Авторы рассматривают словообразовательную мотивацию последовательно в ее разновидностях в сравнительном ключе на материалах неродственных языков - русского и арабского - и подходят к вопросу о механизме достижения семантической эквивалентности перевода. В наибольшей степени словообразовательная активность сегодня в силу объективных причин затрагивает отраслевую (техническую, медицинскую и др.) лексику, запас которой в национальных словарях возрастает год от года. Именно этот обширный материал, отобранный авторами, не только иллюстрирует актуальные тенденции словообразования в современных языках, но и дает ответ на вопрос о степени эквивалентности этой подгруппы слов в русском и арабском. Постановка цели - сравнить словообразовательную мотивацию по ряду критериев в разноструктурных языках - позволила не только получить теоретические сведения о том, какие особенности имеет каждый из языков в словообразовании и каким деривационным потенциалом он обладает, но также подойти к формированию алгоритма перевода производных слов с одного языка на другой. Для этого авторами решается ряд таких частных задач, как выделение значимых элементов в составе неологизмов русского и арабского языков, установление законов и стандартов образования научно-терминологической лексики в арабском языке, поиск инструментов (операции трансформации, конкретные словообразовательные форманты), которые будут способствовать достижению переводческой эквивалентности с русского на арабский и др. Установление различий в механизмах образовании новой лексики в русском и арабском языках представило возможность дополнить относительно молодую и стремительно развивающуюся частную методику русско-арабского перевода.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>word-formation motivation</kwd><kwd>Russian language</kwd><kwd>Arabic language</kwd><kwd>neologisms</kwd><kwd>terms</kwd><kwd>translation equivalence</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>словообразовательная мотивация</kwd><kwd>русский язык</kwd><kwd>арабский язык</kwd><kwd>неологизмы</kwd><kwd>термины</kwd><kwd>переводческая эквивалентность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beljaeva, M.J. (2017). Usual-occasional derivational nests with zoonyms tops. In: Theory and practice of onomastic and derivatological research. Majkop: Magarin O.G. pp. 380—397. 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