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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Language Studies</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Language Studies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Русистика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2618-8163</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2618-8171</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">36381</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2618-8163-2023-21-3-306-320</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">SGSEDT</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Key Issues of Russian Language Research</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Актуальные проблемы исследований русского языка</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Early code-switches in young Russian bilingual siblings</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Ранние переключения кодов в речи русских билингвальных детей</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6627-693X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chirsheva</surname><given-names>Galina N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чиршева</surname><given-names>Галина Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Philology, Professor, Professor of the Department of Germanic Philology and Intercultural Communication</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор филологических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры германской филологии и межкультурной коммуникации</p></bio><email>chirsheva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Cherepovets State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Череповецкий государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-09-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Linguistic and linguodidactic issues of bilingualism</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Лингвистические и лингводидактические проблемы билингвизма</issue-title><fpage>306</fpage><lpage>320</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-10-15"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Chirsheva G.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Чиршева Г.Н.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chirsheva G.N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чиршева Г.Н.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/russian-language-studies/article/view/36381">https://journals.rudn.ru/russian-language-studies/article/view/36381</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">The number of bilinguals and multilinguals of all age groups, including the youngest ones, constantly grows in many countries of the world, which explains the topicality of the study. While researchers explore various aspects of bilingual development, linguists concentrate their efforts on the analysis of bilingual speech, including code-switches. The author deals with Russian-English code-switches in the utterances of two siblings at the earliest stages of their bilingual development - before they were 36 months old. The children had acquired two languages since their first month in a monoethnic Russian family, their first language being Russian and their second (non-native) language being English. The aim of the study is to reveal specific structural, semantic, and pragmatic characteristics of mixed utterances observed in early code-switches of the siblings. The author argues that children’s code-switches at the earliest stages within one family reflect specific features of the communicative situations where children have to cope with the choice between the two languages spoken by their adult interlocutors. It is shown that the application of the Matrix Language Frame Model to the analysis of early childhood bilingual speech is possible, but has several restrictions and limitations related to incomplete and imperfect acquisition of both grammars. The originality of the research is not only in the use of specific data (the earliest stage of bilingual speech observed in simultaneous Russian-English dual-language development), but also in the employment of the Matrix Language Frame Model to study them. This work can contribute to the research of typical features of emerging code-switches in developmental perspective.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Актуальность исследования связана с постоянно возрастающим во всем мире количеством двуязычных детей, билингвальная речь которых представляет собой многомерный объект, требующий изучения с позиций разных научных направлений, в том числе лингвистических. Цель работы - выявить специфику структурных, семантических и прагматических характеристик ранних (от года до трех лет) переключений кодов в речи двух детей из одной русской семьи. Материалом послужили высказывания с русско-английскими переключениями кодов, которые извлечены из речи двух детей на самых ранних этапах их билингвального развития (до трехлетнего возраста). Эти дети с первого месяца своей жизни в русской моноэтнической семье усваивали два языка: русский (родной для всех членов семьи) и английский (неродной). Метод сбора материала - включенное наблюдение с применением видеои аудиофиксации в ситуациях семейного общения. Основные методы исследования - рамочная модель матричного языка, разработанная американским лингвистом К. Майер-Скоттон, а также приемы семантической и прагматической интерпретации в рамках описательного метода. Установлено, что переключения кодов прагматически оправданно появляются в коммуникации детей-билингвов, когда они хотят справиться с необходимостью выбора между языками, на которых в одной и той же ситуации с ними говорят взрослые. Значимым результатом является и то, что показана возможность применения к анализу детской билингвальной речи той модели, которая создана для изучения речи взрослых билингвов. Исследование вносит вклад в возрастную билингвологию, позволяя по особенностям билингвальной речи на самых ранних этапах проследить специфику развития детского билингвизма. Перспективным будет дальнейшее изучение билингвальной речи детей и взрослых на разных возрастных этапах, что позволит оценить динамику формирования компетенции на каждом из двух языков, а также специфику их взаимодействия с позиций лонгитюдного и кросс-секционного подходов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>childhood bilingualism</kwd><kwd>Russian language</kwd><kwd>English language</kwd><kwd>Matrix Language</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>детский билингвизм</kwd><kwd>русский язык</kwd><kwd>английский язык</kwd><kwd>матричный язык</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Bauer, E.B., Hall, J.K., &amp; Kruth, K. (2002). The pragmatic role of codeswitching in play contexts. 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