RUDN Journal of Russian HistoryRUDN Journal of Russian HistoryВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: История России2312-86742312-8690Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)5087410.22363/2312-8674-2026-25-2-268-283NOKRAIFAR EASTERN CROSS-BORDER OF RUSSIAДАЛЬНЕВОСТОЧНОЕ ТРАНСГРАНИЧЬЕ РОССИИResearch ArticleKazakh-Xinjiang Section of Soviet-Chinese Border in the Second Half of the 1920s - the First Half of the 1930s: Border and Passport Regimes, Illegal Migration, and Economic Practices of the PopulationКазахско-синьцзянский участок советско-китайской границы: пограничный режим и приграничные практики населения во второй половине 1920-х - первой половине 1930-х годовhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9636-52719047-1786AblazheyNatalia N.АблажейНаталья Николаевна

Dr. Habil. Hist., Head of Sector, Leading Researcher of the Sector of History of Socio-Economic Development of the Institute of History

доктор исторических наук, заведующий сектором, ведущий научный сотрудник сектора истории социально-экономического развития Института истории

ablazhey@academ.orghttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4541-41547530-7909ZhanbossinovaAlbina S.ЖанбосиноваАльбина Советовна

Dr. Habil. Hist., Professor

доктор исторических наук, профессор

sovetuk@rambler.ruInstitute of History SB RASИнститут истории Сибирского отделения РАНL.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National UniversityЕвразийский национальный университет имени Л. Гумилева30062026252FAR EASTERN CROSS-BORDER OF RUSSIAДАЛЬНЕВОСТОЧНОЕ ТРАНСГРАНИЧЬЕ РОССИИ26828329062026Copyright ©; 2026, Ablazhey N.N., Zhanbossinova A.S.Copyright ©; 2026, Аблажей Н.Н., Жанбосинова А.С.2026Ablazhey N.N., Zhanbossinova A.S.Аблажей Н.Н., Жанбосинова А.С.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/russian-history/article/view/50874

The author in their article considers the USSR state policy in the field of protecting the border zone with China in the Kazakh-Xinjiang section of the border in the 1920-1930s. The purpose of the study is to show the migration processes and economic practices of the border territories population during the period of transition, from a period of frequent contact to the erection of a barrier on the border. The research is based on the legal acts regulating the border regime and the departmental records of the OGPU on border protection issues. The author shows the nature of the border during this period, firstly, it existed as a line of state demarcation and a military-political boundary, and secondly, it existed as a border contact territory, with established economic and migration practices. The author comes to the conclusion that even in the context of tightening the border regime, the population of the border territories maintained economic interaction, resorting to illegal practices in order to survive and circumvent government restrictions.

Исследуется государственная политика СССР в области охраны пограничной зоны с Китаем на казахско-синьцзянском участке в 1920-1930-е гг. Цель исследования заключается в том, чтобы показать, как протекали миграционные процессы и экономические практики населения приграничья в условиях переход от контактной к барьерной границе. Источниковая база основана на нормативно-правовых актах, регулировавших пограничный режим, и ведомственном делопроизводстве ОГПУ по вопросам охраны границы. В статье показан феномен границы, во-первых, как линии государственного разграничения и военно-политического рубежа, во-вторых, как пограничной контактной территории со сложившимися экономическими и миграционными практиками. Авторы пришли к выводу, что даже в условиях ужесточения пограничного режима население приграничья сохранило экономическое взаимодействие, прибегая к нелегальным практикам с целью выживания и обхода государственных ограничений.

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