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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Russian History</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Russian History</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: История России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-8674</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-8690</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">41762</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-8674-2024-23-3-358-369</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">FJIMPA</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The Great Eastern Question: Development of the Pro-Eurasian Worldview of Ismail Gasprinsky at the Beginning of the ХХ Сentury</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Велико-Восточный вопрос: развитие проевразийского миропонимания Исмаила Гаспринского в начале ХХ века</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-6238</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5958-0256</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Seliverstov</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селиверстов</surname><given-names>Сергей Васильевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in History, Chief Researcher of the Scientific Center “Abai Academy”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат исторических наук, главный научный сотрудник Научно-исследовательского центра «Абай академиясы»</p></bio><email>seliverst.sv@googlemail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Евразийский национальный университет имени Л.Н. Гумилева</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-11-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Ethnicity and Power in Russia: History and Modernity</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Этничность и власть в России: история и современность</issue-title><fpage>358</fpage><lpage>369</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-11-30"><day>30</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Seliverstov S.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Селиверстов С.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Seliverstov S.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Селиверстов С.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/russian-history/article/view/41762">https://journals.rudn.ru/russian-history/article/view/41762</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article reconstructs the views of the Russian Turkic-Muslim figure and educator Ismail Gasprinsky in 1908-1914. It examines the direction in which I. Gasprinsky's views evolved in relation to a conceptual Russian-Eastern Agreement due to a continued aggravation of domestic and regional international problems at the beginning of the twentieth century. Based on the journalism of the Terdzhiman newspaper, it is revealed that Gasprinsky continued to expand his views to the “Great Eastern Question” during the period and develop the concept of the Eastern Agreement, taking into account the central position of both Russia and Turkey, as well as the Slavs and Turkic peoples in general. However, by the beginning of the twentieth century, the Eastern Question had transformed from Slavic-Turkish issue to Slavic-German one. According to Gasprinsky, the solution was to create a Slavic-Turkic “dam” against the “wave” of Germanism. At the new stage, he did not retreat from his central ideas and continued to remain a supporter of Russian-Muslim cooperation. The author concludes that Gasprinsky's worldview was largely pro-Eurasian in content, and the concept of an eastern agreement had developed by the beginning of the ХХ century to the level of a possible diplomatic breakthrough and had become a significant contribution to early Eurasian social thought and to the intellectual development of Russia and the Turkic world as a whole.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Реконструируются взгляды российского тюрко-мусульманского деятеля, просветителя Исмаила Гаспринского в 1908-1914 гг. Рассматривается, в каком направлении в условиях обострения внутренних и международных проблем начала ХХ в. происходила эволюция взглядов И. Гаспринского в отношении концепта русско-восточного соглашения. На материале публицистики газеты «Терджиман» выявлено, что Гаспринский расширил свой взгляд до «Велико-Восточного вопроса» и углубил концепт восточного соглашения, с учетом центрального положения России и Турции, славян и тюрков. Однако к началу ХХ в. восточный вопрос трансформировался из славяно-турецкого в славяно-германский. По убеждению Гаспринского, выход заключался в создании славяно-тюркской «плотины» против «волны» германизма. На новом этапе он не отступил от своих базовых идей, остался сторонником российско-мусульманского сотрудничества. Автор приходит к выводу, что миропонимание Гаспринского являлось по содержанию проевразийским, а концепт восточного соглашения был развит в начале ХХ в. до уровня концепции, что стало существенным вкладом в раннеевразийскую общественную мысль, в интеллектуальное развитие России и тюркского мира в целом.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Slavic and Turkic world</kwd><kwd>rapprochement between Russia and Turkey</kwd><kwd>intellectual history</kwd><kwd>Russian-Turkish relations</kwd><kwd>liberal Muslim political movement</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>славянский и тюркский мир</kwd><kwd>сближение России и Турции</kwd><kwd>интеллектуальная история</kwd><kwd>российско-турецкие отношения</kwd><kwd>либерально-мусульманское политическое движение</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Akturk, S. “Counter-hegemonic visions and reconciliation through the past: The case of Turkish Eurasianism.” Ab Imperio, no. 4 (2004): 207-238.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гальберштадт Л.И. 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