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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Russian History</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Russian History</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: История России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-8674</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-8690</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">4095</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">RUSSIAN REVOLUTION AND PROBLEM OF MODERNIZATION</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>РУССКАЯ РЕВОЛЮЦИЯ И ПРОБЛЕМА МОДЕРНИЗАЦИИ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shults</surname><given-names>E E</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шульц</surname><given-names>Эдуард Эдуардович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en">Department of International Relations</bio><bio xml:lang="ru">Кафедра международных отношений</bio><email>nuap1@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">State University of Nizhny Novgorod</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н.И. Лобачевского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO3 (2015)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№3 (2015)</issue-title><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-09-07"><day>07</day><month>09</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2015, Shults E.E.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2015, Шульц Э.Э.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shults E.E.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шульц Э.Э.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/russian-history/article/view/4095">https://journals.rudn.ru/russian-history/article/view/4095</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en">The article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of state modernization as a result of revolutions exemplified by the Russian revolution. There are considered researchers’ approaches to the problem of modernization of states after revolutions, analyzed the problem zones of the concept, in particular with respect to the Russian revolution. The author questions the historiography view that the reasons and consequences of revolutions are caused by problems of modernization in a state (which is incapable to solve these problems by reforms). These statements were fully applied to the Russian revolution. The author comes to the conclusion that the Russian revolution of 1917 was the first one the tasks of which purposefully included modernization of the state. From the author’s point of view, revolution certainly becomes the structural reason of further modernization of the state in which modernization processes (urbanization, industrialization and democratization) are structurally interconnected and interdependent, but are within a long time interval. According to the author, the only thing where the thesis of modernization during revolution can't be challenged is the change of the social structure of society.</abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">В статье на примере Русской революции 1917 г. анализируется одна из ключевых и наиболее распространенных точек зрения исследователей на революции как путь модернизации государств. Автор дискутирует с устоявшимся в современной историографии представлением о том, что причины и последствия революций обусловлены задачами модернизации государства, не способного решить внутренние проблемы путем реформ. Автор приходит к выводу о том, что революция становится структурной причиной модернизации государства, в которой ее составные части (урбанизация, индустриализация, демократизация) структурно взаимосвязаны, но размещены на длительном временном промежутке. Единственным, по мнению автора, признаком, в чем тезис модернизации в ходе революции не может быть оспорен, - это изменение социальной структуры общества.</trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>modernization</kwd><kwd>Russian revolution</kwd><kwd>theory of revolution</kwd><kwd>modernization concept</kwd><kwd>urbanization</kwd><kwd>industrialization</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>модернизация</kwd><kwd>Русская революция</kwd><kwd>теория революции</kwd><kwd>концепция модернизации</kwd><kwd>урбанизация</kwd><kwd>индустриализация</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Шульц Э.Э. «Классовый подход» и «пролетарский характер» революции 1917 г. в России // Вестник Российского Университета дружбы народов. Серия «История России». 2014. № 3. С. 47-61.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Inglehart R., Welzel C. 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