RUDN Journal of Russian HistoryRUDN Journal of Russian HistoryВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: История России2312-86742312-8690Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)3996610.22363/2312-8674-2024-23-2-232-243SIHFSKHISTORIOGRAPHY AND METHODS OF HISTORICAL RESEARCHИСТОРИОГРАФИЯ И МЕТОДЫ ИСТОРИЧЕСКОГО ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯResearch ArticleRussia and the Central Caucasus in Soviet and Modern Scientific Discourse: from “Colonialism” to Russian StatehoodРоссия и Центральный Кавказ в советском и современном научном дискурсе: от «колониализма» до российской государственностиhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7353-43246979-5516KanukovaZalina V.КануковаЗалина Владимировна

Dr. Habil. Hist., Professor

доктор исторических наук, профессор

z.kanukova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9745-77762482-1015TuaevaBerta V.ТуаеваБерта Владимировна

Dr. Habil. Hist., Professor

доктор исторических наук, профессор

ms.amaga@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9024-71753139-1027PlievaZalina T.ПлиеваЗалина Тимуровна

PhD in History, Ass. Professor of the Department of the Russian History

кандидат исторических наук, доцент кафедры российской истории

za-li@yandex.ruNorth Ossetian Institute of Humanities and Social Research named after V.I. Abayev of the Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of SciencesСеверо-Осетинский институт гуманитарных и социальных исследований имени В.И. Абаева Владикавказского научного центра РАНState University named after K.L. KhetagurovГосударственный университет имени К.Л. Хетагурова30062024232The Russian Empire in Context of its Period and Geopolitical EnvironmentРоссийская империя в контексте времени и геополитики23224310072024Copyright ©; 2024, Kanukova Z.V., Tuaeva B.V., Plieva Z.T.Copyright ©; 2024, Канукова З.В., Туаева Б.В., Плиева З.Т.2024Kanukova Z.V., Tuaeva B.V., Plieva Z.T.Канукова З.В., Туаева Б.В., Плиева З.Т.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/russian-history/article/view/39966

The authors consider the problem of the Central Caucasus peoples’ joining Russia in Soviet and modern historiography. The purpose is to determine the main trends of the regional segment of Soviet historiography which remain relevant in the modern discourse, and to present the modern vector of research of the problem under consideration. There is given the periodization of the Soviet historiography. It is revealed that in the 1930s the formula of “absolute evil” was replaced by that of “the lesser evil” from the point of view of non-Russian peoples’ joining Russia. In the 1950s, there was taken a course to substantiate the progressive role of non-Russian peoples’ joining Russia and there appeared the idea of the voluntary nature of their joining. The article shows the fate of those historians who could not unconditionally accept the change in the research paradigm. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of modern historiography; its fundamental difference from the Soviet one is shown - the study of the issue without any ideological guidelines and its transfer exclusively into a scientific plane. The motive for addressing the problem is the research interest in the modernization processes of the post-reform period. As a result of the multifaceted research, there has been revised the assessment of the role of the socio-cultural institutions that served the goals of the peaceful conquest of the Central Caucasus peoples, and their positive role has been identified.

Рассмотрена проблема присоединения народов Центрального Кавказа к России в советской и современной историографии. Цель заключается в определении основных тенденций регионального сегмента советской историографии, которые остаются актуальными в современном дискурсе, и в представлении современного вектора исследования обозначенной проблемы. Дана периодизация историографии советского периода. Выявлено, что в 1930-е гг. произошла замена формулы «абсолютного зла» на формулу «наименьшего зла» с точки зрения присоединения нерусских народов к России. В 1950-е гг. был взят курс на обоснование прогрессивной роли присоединения нерусских народов, и появилась идея добровольного характера их присоединения. Показана судьба тех историков, которые не смогли безоговорочно принять смену исследовательской парадигмы. Отдельное внимание получил анализ современной историографии; показано ее принципиальное отличие от советской - исследование вопроса без каких-либо идеологических установок и перевод его исключительно в научную плоскость. Мотивом обращения к проблеме является исследовательский интерес к модернизационным процессам пореформенного времени. В результате многоаспектных исследований пересмотрена оценка роли социально-культурных институций, которые служили целям мирного покорения народов Центрального Кавказа, выявлена их позитивная роль.

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