RUDN Journal of Russian HistoryRUDN Journal of Russian HistoryВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: История России2312-86742312-8690Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)3390210.22363/2312-8674-2023-22-1-85-96THE PEOPLES OF RUSSIA IN THE SYSTEM OF TRANSNATIONAL RELATIONS IN SIBERIA, CHINA AND CENTRAL ASIAНАРОДЫ РОССИИ В СИСТЕМЕ ТРАНСНАЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ СВЯЗЕЙ СИБИРИ, КИТАЯ И ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИResearch ArticleTrade, Economic and Political Relations between Soviet Russia and the Chinese Province of Xinjiang in 1921-1922Торгово-экономические и политические отношения Советской России с китайской провинцией Синьцзян в 1921-1922 гг.ShemetovaTamara A.ШеметоваТамара АлексеевнаPhD in History, Associate Professor of the General History Department, Director of the Institute of History, Social Communications and Lawканд. истор. наук, доцент кафедры всеобщей истории, директор Института истории, социальных коммуникаций и праваtaaaat1965@mail.ruAltai State Pedagogical UniversityАлтайский государственный педагогический университет15032023221The Peoples of Russia in the System of Transnational Relations in Siberia, China and Central AsiaНароды России в системе транснациональных связей Сибири, Китая и Центральной Азии859615032023Copyright ©; 2023, Shemetova T.A.Copyright ©; 2023, Шеметова Т.А.2023Shemetova T.A.Шеметова Т.А.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/russian-history/article/view/33902

The author analyzes the features and results of trade, economic and political relations of the Chinese province of Xinjiang with Soviet Russia and the USSR in 1921-1922. The main sources for the preparation of the article were historical and archival materials on the trade and economic relations of Xinjiang with Russia and the Soviet Union (1896-1949) in Chinese, as well as documents from a number of Moscow archives (the Russian State Archive of Economics, the Russian State Military Archive, the Archive of Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation). The analysis showed that during the period under review the Soviet-Xinjiang trade, economic and political relations were rather ambiguous. This is evidenced by statistical data on the volume of trade for 1921 and 1922, which, despite the measures taken by Moscow, did not increase. In addition, it should be emphasized that the range and list of goods supplied by the parties changed significantly. The author comes to the conclusion that in 1921-1922 there did not take place the final restoration and development of all-round ties between the Soviet Union and the Chinese province of Xinjiang. It was the Soviet leadership that was the initiator of the bilateral rapprochement.

Проанализированы особенности и результаты торгово-экономических и политических отношений китайской провинции Синьцзян с Советской Россией в 1921-1922 гг. Основными источниками для подготовки исследования стали историко-архивные материалы о торгово-экономических отношениях Синьцзяна с Россией и Советским Союзом в период в том числе на китайском языке, из таких архивов, как Российский государственный архив экономики, Российский государственный военный архив, Архив внешней политики РФ. Анализ показал, что советско-синьцзянские торгово-экономические и политические отношения в рассматриваемый период складывались не столь однозначно, как принято считать, о чем свидетельствуют статистические данные об объемах торговли за 1921 и 1922 гг., которые, несмотря на предпринимаемые Москвой меры, не увеличивались. Отмечено существенное изменение номенклатуры и перечня поставляемых сторонами товаров. Сделан вывод о том, что в период 1921-1922 гг. окончательного восстановления и развития всесторонних связей между Советским Союзом и китайской провинцией Синьцзян не произошло, при этом инициатором сближения позиций выступало советское руководство.

civil warforeign tradeeconomic historyWestern ChinaEastern Turkestanгражданская войнавнешняя торговляэкономическая историяЗападный КитайВосточный ТуркестанAfanasiev-Kazan, A. “Ekonomicheskoe polozhenie Zapadnogo Kitaia [Economic situation of Western China].” Novyi Vostok, no. 3 (1923): 114-121 (in Russian).Anisimova, I.V., Barmin, V.A., Lysenko, J.A., and Startsev, A.V. Istoriia Sin'tsziana [History of Xinjiang]. Barnaul: ABC Publ., 2012 (in Russian).Barmin, V.A. “Soviet Union and Xinjiang, 1918-1941: (Regional factor in the foreign policy of the Soviet Union).” Barnaul: Barnaul’skii gosudarstvennyi pedagogichskii universitet Publ., 1998 (in Russian).Bukshtein, O. “Torgovlia SSSR s Sin'tszianskoi provintsiei [Trade of the USSR with the Xinjiang province].” Novyi Vostok, no. 20-21 (1928): 201-217 (in Russian).Di, Zhie. “Stanovlenie i razvitie politicheskikh i torgovo-ekonomicheskikh otnoshenii sovetskogo gosudarstva s Kitaiskoi Respublikoi v 1917-1925 gg. [Formation and development of political and trade and economic relations between the Soviet state and the Republic of China in 1917-1925].” PhD Thesis, Moscow Pedagogical University, 1992 (in Russian).Galenovich, Yu.M. ‘Belye piatna’ i ‘bolevye tochki’ v istorii sovetsko-kitaiskikh otnosheniiakh [‘White spots’ and ‘pain points’ in the history of Soviet-Chinese relations], vol. 1. Moscow: RAN: Institut Dal'nego Vostoka Publ., 1992 (in Russian).Gurevich, B.P. “Vzaimootnoshenie sovetskikh respublik s provintsiei Sin'tszian v 1918-1922 godakh [The relationship of the Soviet republics with the province of Xinjiang in 1918-1922].” Sovetskoe kitaevedenie, no. 2 (1958): 96-105 (in Russian).Kolobov, M. “Vsesoiuznaia vystavka i torgovlia s vostochnymi stranami [All-Union Exhibition and Trade with Eastern Countries].” Torgovlia Rossii s Vostokom [Trade between Russia and the East], no. 3-4 (June 1923): 15 (in Russian).Loganov, G. “O razvitii nashikh torgovykh otnoshenii s Kul'dzhei [On the development of our trade relations with Kulja].” Torgovlya Rossii s Vostokom [Trade between Russia and the East], no. 18 (1924): 28 (in Russian).Moiseev, V.I. Rossiia i Kitai v Tsentral'noi Azii: vtoraia polovina XIX v. [Russia and China in Central Asia: the second half of the XIX century]. Barnaul: AzBuka Publ., 2003 (in Russian).Palyukaitis, I.I. “Torgovlia SSSR s Zapadnym Kitaem [Trade of the USSR with Western China].” In Torgovlia SSSR s Vostokom: Sbornik statei i materialov [Trade of the USSR with the East: Collection of articles and materials], 148-157. Moscow; Leningrad: Promizdat Publ., 1927 (in Russian).Shemetova, T.A. On the Forms and Methods of the Soviet Leadership in Search of Normalization of Trade, Economic and Political Relations with Xinjiang in 1921-1923.” Problemy Dalnego Vostoka, no. 2 (2020): 165-174, https://doi.org/10.31857/S013128120009755-1 (in Russian).Shmorgoner, D.I. Srednii Vostok: Persiia, Afganistan, Zapadnyi Kitai [Middle East: Persia, Afghanistan, Western China] Moscow: Rossiiskaia Vostochnaia torgovaia palata, 1925 (in Russian).Sladkovsky, M.I. Istoriia torgovo-ekonomicheskikh otnoshenii SSSR s Kitaem (1917-1974 gg.) [History of trade and economic relations between the USSR and China (1917-1974)]. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1977 (in Russian).Vikhlyaev, M.A. “Vneshniaia torgovlia SSSR s kitaiskoi provintsiei Sin'tszian 1917-1934 gg. [Foreign trade of the USSR with the Chinese province of Xinjiang 1917-1934: Abstract of a dissertation for the degree of candidate of economic sciences].” PhD Thesis, State University named after A.A. Zhdanov, 1956 (in Russian).