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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Russian History</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Russian History</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: История России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-8674</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-8690</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">33897</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-8674-2023-22-1-21-33</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THE PEOPLES OF RUSSIA IN THE SYSTEM OF TRANSNATIONAL RELATIONS IN SIBERIA, CHINA AND CENTRAL ASIA</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАРОДЫ РОССИИ В СИСТЕМЕ ТРАНСНАЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ СВЯЗЕЙ СИБИРИ, КИТАЯ И ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Behind the Scenes of the Jam Expedition: Russia's Planning of Warfare in Central Asia in 1878</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>За кулисами Джамского похода: планирование Россией военных действий в Центральной Азии в 1878 г.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4248-5811</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alpeev</surname><given-names>Oleg Evgen'evich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алпеев</surname><given-names>Олег Евгеньевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Hist., Senior Researcher of the Research Institute of Military History</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. истор. наук, старший научный сотрудник Научно-исследовательского института (военной истории)</p></bio><email>oalpeev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Военная академия Генерального штаба Вооруженных Сил Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">The Peoples of Russia in the System of Transnational Relations in Siberia, China and Central Asia</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Народы России в системе транснациональных связей Сибири, Китая и Центральной Азии</issue-title><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-03-15"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Alpeev O.E.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Алпеев О.Е.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Alpeev O.E.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алпеев О.Е.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/russian-history/article/view/33897">https://journals.rudn.ru/russian-history/article/view/33897</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">The author examines Russia’s planning of warfare in Central Asia in 1878 while preparing for a possible war with the coalition of Great Britain, Austria-Hungary and Turkey. The development of the war plan was caused by the inability of the Russian army weakened by the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878 to conduct active military operations in Europe. Instead, it was aimed to influence Great Britain by creating a threat to its richest colony - India. In the historical literature there is no clear answer to the question about the goals of the unsuccessful Jam expedition. In this regard, the aim of this research is to reveal the content of the failed campaign’s plan based on the available historical sources and try to reconstruct Russia’s war plan against Great Britain in Central Asia, as well as to show its significance in the further process of war planning in the region. The author comes to conclusion that the Russian military-political leadership initially expected to invade India, but due to the changed situation they conducted just demonstration actions. The failure of the Jam expedition showed the Russian commanders the need to search for a springboard for future actions against India. Moreover, based on the experience of the unsuccessful campaign, the Russian commanders began regular planning for war against Great Britain in Central Asia which provided for the conduct of offensive operations in the direction of Herat.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Рассматривается процесс планирования действий русских войск в Центральной Азии в 1878 г., связанный с подготовкой к возможной войне с коалицией Великобритании, Австро-Венгрии и Турции. Разработка плана военной кампании в этом регионе была вызвана неспособностью русской армии, ослабленной Русско-турецкой войной 1877-1878 гг., вести активные военные действия в Европе. Вместо этого предполагалось воздействовать на Великобританию путем создания угрозы ее богатейшей колонии - Индии. В исторической литературе нет однозначного ответа на вопрос о целях Джамского похода русской армии. Цель исследования - не только раскрыть содержание замысла несостоявшейся кампании и реконструировать план действий русских войск в случае войны против Великобритании в Центральной Азии, но и показать его значение в дальнейшем процессе стратегического планирования в регионе. Делается вывод, что русское военно-политическое руководство первоначально рассчитывало осуществить вторжение в Индию, но под воздействием изменившейся обстановки ограничилось ведением демонстрационных действий. Результаты жамской экспедиции поставили перед русским командованием задачу поиска плацдарма для возможного продвижения в сторону Индии. Опыт неудачного похода подтолкнул военное руководство России к разработке планов войны с Великобританией, предусматривающих ведение наступательных действий на гератском направлении.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>war planning</kwd><kwd>Afghanistan</kwd><kwd>British India</kwd><kwd>Jam</kwd><kwd>K.P. von Kaufman</kwd><kwd>Turkestan military district</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>стратегическое планирование</kwd><kwd>Афганистан</kwd><kwd>Британская Индия</kwd><kwd>К.П. фон Кауфман</kwd><kwd>Туркестанский военный округ</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Airapetov, O.R. Vneshniaia politika imperatorov Aleksandra II i Aleksandra III. 1855-1894 [The foreign policy of the Emperors Alexander II and Alexander III], vol. 3 of Istoriia vneshnei politiki Rossiiskoi imperii. 1801-1914 gg. 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