<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Russian History</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Russian History</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: История России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-8674</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-8690</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">23773</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-8674-2020-19-2-298-319</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEOPLES OF THE USSR IN THE YEARS OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR: ON THE 75th ANNIVERSARY OF VICTORY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАРОДЫ СССР В ГОДЫ ВЕЛИКОЙ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ ВОЙНЫ: К 75‐ЛЕТИЮ ПОБЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The Ethnic Aspect in Red Army Recruitment During the Great Patriotic War: A Historical and Statistical Review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Этнический аспект комплектования Красной армии в годы Великой Отечественной войны: историко-статистический обзор</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezugolny</surname><given-names>Alexey Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безугольный</surname><given-names>Алексей Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kandidat Istoricheskikh Nauk [PhD in history], Leading Researcher at Scientific Research</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат исторических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>besu111@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Scientific Research Institute of Military History of Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт военной истории Военной академии Генерального штаба Вооруженных Сил Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">PEOPLES OF THE USSR IN THE YEARS OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR: ON THE 75th ANNIVERSARY OF VICTORY</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">НАРОДЫ СССР В ГОДЫ ВЕЛИКОЙ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ ВОЙНЫ: К 75‐ЛЕТИЮ ПОБЕДЫ</issue-title><fpage>298</fpage><lpage>319</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-05-26"><day>26</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Bezugolny A.Y.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Безугольный А.Ю.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bezugolny A.Y.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Безугольный А.Ю.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/russian-history/article/view/23773">https://journals.rudn.ru/russian-history/article/view/23773</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Due to the multi-ethnic nature of our state, the ethnic factor has always been important in the recruitment, organization and combat use of the Russian armed forces. The deeper the ethnocultural, especially linguistic differences of the personnel, the more urgent was the need for a special organization of military service of the non-Russian contingent. The article is devoted to the analysis of ethnic processes in the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. Much attention is given to the dynamics of the quantitative and specific representation of Soviet ethnic groups during the war, the reasons for the reduction or, on the contrary, the expansion of this representation. The research is based on normative and policy documents that regulated mobilization and conscription work, as well as office documents that reflect the execution of state decisions. Among the latter, the author has identified a set of accounting and statistical materials of the central organizational and mobilization institutions of the People's Commissariat of Defense of the USSR. The scientific novelty of the presented research is that for the first time the ethnonational aspect of the history of the red army during the Great Patriotic War was analyzed using quantitative research methods. This made it possible to significantly deepen the understanding of the ethnic processes taking place in the Soviet armed forces.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В силу многонациональности нашего государства этнический фактор всегда имел значение при комплектовании, организации и боевом применении отечественных вооруженных сил. Чем глубже были этнокультурные, особенно языковые различия личного состава, тем острее была необходимость особой организации военной службы нерусского контингента. Статья посвящена анализу этнических процессов в Красной армии на протяжении Великой Отечественной войны 1941-1945 гг. Большое внимание уделено анализу динамики количественного и удельного представительства советских этносов на протяжении войны, причинам сокращения или, напротив, расширения этого представительства. В основу исследования положен выявленный автором комплекс нормативных и директивных руководящих документов, регулировавших мобилизационно-призывную работу, а также отражающая исполнение государственных решений делопроизводственная документация. Среди последней особое значение имеет выявленный автором в российских архивах комплекс учетно-статистических материалов центральных организационно-мобилизационных учреждений Наркомата обороны СССР. Научная новизна представленного исследования состоит в том, что впервые этнонациональный аспект истории Красной армии в годы Великой Отечественной войны проанализирован с помощью количественных методов исследования. Это позволило существенно углубить понимание происходивших в советских вооруженных силах этнических процессов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Red army</kwd><kwd>non-Russian peoples</kwd><kwd>national military formations</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Красная армия</kwd><kwd>нерусские народы</kwd><kwd>национальные воинские формирования</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Artem'yev, A.P. Bratskiy boyevoy soyuz narodov SSSR v gody Velikoy Otechestvennoy voyny. Moscow: Mysl' Publ., 1975 (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Артемьев А.П. Братский боевой союз народов СССР в годы Великой Отечественной войны. М.: Мысль, 1975. 199 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alexiev, R., and Wimbush, S.E. The Ethnic Factor in the Soviet Armed forces. Historical Experience, Current Practices, and Implications for the Future. Santa Monica: Rand, 1983.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Горьков Ю.А. Государственный Комитет Обороны постановляет (1941-1945): Цифры, документы. М.: ОЛМА-ПРЕСС, 2002. 575 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blauvelt, T.K. “Military Mobilisation and National Identity in the Soviet Union.” War &amp; Society 21, no. 1 (2003): 41–62.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жиромская В.Б., Киселев И.Н., Поляков Ю.А. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1939 года. М.: Наука, 1996. 152 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Curran, S.L., and Ponomareff, D. Managing the Ethnic Factor in the Russian and the Soviet Armed forces: An Historical Overview. Santa Monica: Rand, 1982.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рибченко Л.В. Радянські військові мобілізації 1943 року // Сторінки воєнної історії України. Київ: Інститут історії України НАН України, 2009. С. 103-112.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Daugherty, III L.J. “Ethnic minorities in soviet armed: The plight of central Asians in a Russiandominated military.” The Journal of Slavic Military Studies 7, no. 2 (1994): 155–197.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рибченко Л.В. Документальний фонд з обліку людських втрат Національного музею історії Великої Вітчизняної війни 1941-1945 років як джерело з вивчення проблеми радянських військових мобілізацій 1943-1944 років // Науковi записки. Збiрник праць молодих вчених та аспiрантiв. Київ: Інститут історії України НАН України, 2009. С. 129-139.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gor'kov, Yu.A. Gosudarstvennyy Komitet Oborony postanovlyayet (1941–1945): Tsifry, dokumenty. Moscow: OLMA-PRESS Publ., 2002 (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рибченко Л.В. Персональний облік людських військових втрат Червоної армії у Великій Вітчизняній війні // Київські адреси сповіщень про загибель: дослідження, документи, свідчення. Київ: Інститут історії України НАН України, 2013. С. 60-97.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lobinger, J.H. Minority Nationalities in the Soviet Armed Forces. Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma, 1973.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сухарь М.Я. Военно-мобилизационная работа Средне-Азиатского военного округа, республик Средней Азии и Казахстана по подготовке мобилизационных резервов в годы Великой Отечественной войны (1941-1945 гг.). Ашхабад: [Б.и.], 1981. 513 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rakowska-Harmstone, T. Red Army as an Instrument of National Integration. Carlisle Barracks: US Army War College, 1978.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alexiev R., Wimbush S.E. The Ethnic Factor in the Soviet Armed forces. Historical Experience, Current Practices, and Implications for the Future. Santa Monica: Rand, 1983. 276 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rakowska-Harmstone, T. “Brotherhood in Arms”: The Ethnic Factor in the Soviet Armed Forces.” In Ethnic Armies: Polyethnic Armed Forces from the Time of the Habsburgs to the Age of the Superpowers, 123–157. Waterloo: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1990.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Blauvelt T.K. Military Mobilisation and National Identity in the Soviet Union // War &amp; Society. 2003. Vol. 21. № 1. P. 41-62.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rybchenko, L.V. “Radyansʹki viysʹkovi mobilizatsiyi 1943 roku.” In Storinky voyennoyi istoriyi Ukrayiny, 103–112. Kyyiv: Instytut istoriyi Ukrayiny NAN Ukrayiny Publ., 2009 (in Ukrainian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Curran S.L., Ponomareff D. Managing the Ethnic Factor in the Russian and the Soviet Armed forces: An Historical Overview. Santa Monica: Rand, 1982. 41 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rybchenko, L.V. “Dokumentalʹnyy fond z obliku lyudsʹkykh vtrat Natsionalʹnoho muzeyu istoriyi Velykoyi Vitchyznyanoyi viyny 1941–1945 rokiv yak dzherelo z vyvchennya problemy radyansʹkykh viysʹkovykh mobilizatsiy 1943–1944 rokiv.” In Naukovi zapysky. Zbirnyk pratsʹ molodykh vchenykh ta aspirantiv, 129–139. Kyyiv: Instytut istoriyi Ukrayiny NAN Ukrayiny, 2009 (in Ukrainian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Daugherty III L.J. Ethnic minorities in soviet armed: The plight of central Asians in a Russiandominated military // The Journal of Slavic Military Studies. 1994. Vol. 7. № 2. P. 155-197.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rybchenko, L.V. “Personalʹnyy oblik lyudsʹkykh viysʹkovykh vtrat Chervonoyi armiyi u Velykiy Vitchyznyaniy viyni.” In Kyyivsʹki adresy spovishchenʹ pro zahybelʹ: doslidzhennya, dokumenty, svidchennya, 60–97. Kyyiv: Instytut istoriyi Ukrayiny NAN Ukrayiny Publ., 2013 (in Ukrainian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lobinger J.H. Minority Nationalities in the Soviet Armed Forces. Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma, 1973. 189 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sanborn, J.A. Drafting the Russian nation. Military conscription, total war, and mass politics, 1905–1925. Illinois: Northern Illinois University Press, 2003. Sukhar', M.Ya. Voyenno-mobilizatsionnaya rabota Sredne-Aziatskogo voyennogo okruga, respublik Sredney Azii i Kazakhstana po podgotovke mobilizatsionnykh rezervov v gody Velikoy Otechestvennoy voyny (1941–1945 gg.). Ashkhabad: [S.n.], 1981 (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rakowska-Harmstone T. Red Army as an Instrument of National Integration. Carlisle Barracks: US Army War College, 1978. 190 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhiromskaya, V.B., Kiselev, I.N., and Polyakov, Yu.A. Vsesoyuznaya perepis' naseleniya 1939 goda. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1996 (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rakowska-Harmstone T. “Brotherhood in Arms”: The Ethnic Factor in the Soviet Armed Forces // Ethnic Armies: Polyethnic Armed Forces from the Time of the Habsburgs to the Age of the Superpowers. Waterloo: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1990. Р. 123-157.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Sanborn J.A. Drafting the Russian nation. Military conscription, total war, and mass politics, 1905-1925. Illinois: Northern Illinois University Press, 2003. 278 p.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
