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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Russian History</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Russian History</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: История России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-8674</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-8690</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">21194</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-8674-2019-18-2-214-245</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENDER RESEARCHES IN THE STUDY OF THE PAST: THEORY, HISTORIOGRAPHY, SOURCES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНДЕРНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ В ИЗУЧЕНИИ ПРОШЛОГО: ТЕОРИЯ, ИСТОРИОГРАФИЯ, ИСТОЧНИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The heuristic value of autobiographies for gender studies: comparing the theoretical results of Russian and foreign studies</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эвристическая ценность автобиографий для гендеролога: сопоставляя теоретические итоги российских и зарубежных автобиографических исследований</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pushkareva</surname><given-names>Natalia L</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пушкарёва</surname><given-names>Наталья Львовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Нead of the sector of ethniс and gender studies, N.N. Miklukho-Maklay Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, President of the Russian Association for the Study of Women’s History (RAIZHI).</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор исторических наук, профессор, заведующая сектором этногендерных исследований Института этнологии и антропологии имени Н.Н. Миклухо-Маклая РАН, Президент Российской ассоциации исследователей женской истории (РАИЖИ).</p></bio><email>pushkarev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Miklukho-Maklai Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт этнологии и антропологии имени Н.Н. Миклухо-Маклая РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Russian history in the gender dimension</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">История России в гендерном измерении</issue-title><fpage>214</fpage><lpage>245</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-05-31"><day>31</day><month>05</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Pushkareva N.L.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Пушкарёва Н.Л.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pushkareva N.L.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пушкарёва Н.Л.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/russian-history/article/view/21194">https://journals.rudn.ru/russian-history/article/view/21194</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Heuristic value of autobiographies for specialists in gender and female studies (based on the comparison of theoretical results of Russian and international autobiographical studies). The article discusses the qualitative changes in the study of autobiographies in historical works. The author focuses on the importance of gender studies in the ﬁeld of complex relations between various approaches, including the philosophical, psychological, and linguistic way of analyzing life histories, in general, and women’s autobiographies, in particular (which comprises using the theory of female writing created by French feminist philosophers), as well as old and recent literature in the ﬁeld of autobiographical research. The gender approach to the analysis of documents makes it possible to conclude that men report less about their family and private life and tend to give this life a different meaning and place in the system of value hierarchies. The second conclusion when comparing male and female autobiographies is the individualized and independent representation of the ego in life stories. Analysts point out that when collecting material about men’s lives, it is the gender of the story collector that is important. When talking to a female interviewer, the narrator presents the same life events in a diﬀerent way than to male interviewer. When reading an egotext, a male analyst immediately forms a male community and, at the same time, hierarchies typical of relations between men. Keywords: autobiography, women, gender, gender history, history methodology, biographi- cal research, memory psychology, historiography</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье рассматриваются качественные изменения в исследованиях автобиографий в исторических трудах. Автор фокусируется на значимости гендерных исследований в области сложных взаимосвязей между различными подходами, в том числе на философском, психолого-лингвистическом пути анализа жизненных историй вообще и женских автобиографий в частности (в том числе с применением теории женского письма, созданной французскими феминистскими философами), анализирует старую и новейшую литературу в области автобиографических исследований. Гендерный подход к анализу эгодокументов позволяет сделать вывод о том, что мужчины меньше сообщают о своей семейной и частной жизни и склонны придавать этой жизни иной смысл и место в системе ценностных иерархий. Второй вывод при сопоставлении мужских и женских автобиографий - индивидуализированность и независимость репрезентации своего ego в рассказах о жизни. Аналитики подчеркивают, что при сборе материала о мужских жизнях имеет значение и пол самого собирателя рассказов. При рассказе интервьюеру-женщине рассказчик излагает те же самые жизненные события по-другому, нежели интервьюеру-мужчине. У мужчины-аналитика при чтении эготекстов немедленно возникает мужская общность и, одновременно, типичные для отношений мужчин иерархии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>автобиография</kwd><kwd>женщины</kwd><kwd>гендер</kwd><kwd>гендерная история</kwd><kwd>методология истории</kwd><kwd>биографические исследования</kwd><kwd>психология памяти</kwd><kwd>историография</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andrew, J. Women in Russian Literature, 1780–1863. Basingstoke; London: Macmillan Publ., 1988.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аскин В. Категория будущего и принципы ее воплощения в искусстве // Ритм, пространство и время в искусстве. М.: Наука, 1974. 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