RUDN Journal of Russian HistoryRUDN Journal of Russian HistoryВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: История России2312-86742312-8690Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)2064110.22363/2312-8674-2019-18-1-67-84THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE VERSAILLES PEACE. THE GREAT WAR’S ECHO IN RUSSIAК 100-ЛЕТИЮ ВЕРСАЛЬСКОГО МИРА. ЭХО ВЕЛИКОЙ ВОЙНЫ В РОССИИResearch ArticleBolshevik Engineering of the “New Man” in the Early Soviet Period: Theoretical Bases, Political and Ideological Priorities, Evolution of ApproachesБольшевистское проектирование «нового человека» в раннесоветский период: теоретические основы, политико-идеологические приоритеты, эволюция подходовPorshnevaOlga SПоршневаОльга Сергеевна-доктор исторических наук (Уральский государственный университет имени А.М. Горького, 2000 г.), профессор, заведующая кафедрой истории и социальных технологий Уральского гуманитарного института Уральского федерального университета (УрФУ) имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцинаo.s.porshneva@urfu.ruUral Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. YeltsinУральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина15122019181THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE VERSAILLES PEACE. THE GREAT WAR’S ECHO IN RUSSIAК 100-ЛЕТИЮ ВЕРСАЛЬСКОГО МИРА. ЭХО ВЕЛИКОЙ ВОЙНЫ В РОССИИ678428022019Copyright ©; 2019, Porshneva O.S.Copyright ©; 2019, Поршнева О.С.2019Porshneva O.S.Поршнева О.С.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/russian-history/article/view/20641The article examines theoretical preconditions, as well as the political and ideological priorities of Bolshevik efforts to engineer of the “New Man” in the early Soviet period. The author shows the Marxist origins of the Bolshevik project and their transformation in the works of V.I. Lenin and other leaders of the Communist Party and the Soviet state. It describes the principal mechanisms and tools used to design the New Man, as well as practice of social mobilization and exposure to the political culture of Bolshevism. Emphasis is given to the role of the legacy of World War I in the Bolshevik institutionalization of social engineering, coercion and violence to create new human material . The article also shows disagreements among the Bolshevik leadership during the period from 1917 until the late 1920s regarding the ways of designing the New Man in the context of the proletarian culture, the role of the moral character concept for an ideal communist person as the builder of new society. Analysis is given to the gender aspect of the problem, the Bolshevik vision of the ways to design the New Woman and reshape the old way of life. The article traces the transformation of the Bolshevik leadership’s vision of the New Man and the New Woman throughout the 1920s and 1930s. The author singles out two stages in the Bolshevik engineering of the New Man in the early Soviet period (1917 - mid-1920s, late 1920s - mid-1930s), and describes the project’s evolution.Статья посвящена анализу теоретических предпосылок и политико-идеологических приоритетов большевистского проектирования «нового человека» в раннесоветский период. Показаны марксистские истоки идей большевистского проектирования, их трансформация в трудах В.И. Ленина и других лидеров коммунистической партии и советского государства. Обозначены основные механизмы и инструменты конструирования нового человека, практики социальной мобилизации, приобщения к политической культуре большевизма. Подчеркивается роль наследия Первой мировой войны в институализации большевиками практик социального инжиниринга, принуждения и насилия как методов создания «нового человеческого материала». Показаны разногласия в среде большевистского руководства в трактовке путей формирования «нового человека», охарактеризован гендерный аспект проблемы. Выделены два этапа в большевистском проектировании «нового человека» в раннесоветский период (1917-1920-е гг.; конец 1920-х - середина 1930-х гг.), показаны факторы и направленность его эволюции.the New Manthe New WomanBolshevik DesignEarly Soviet Society«Новый человек»«новая женщина»большевистское проектированиераннесоветское общество1.Arnautov, N.B., Krasil’nikov S.A., and I.S. Kuznetsov. Sotsial’naya mobilizatsiya v stalinskom obshchestve (konets 1920-h-1930-e gg.): Kollektivnaya monografiya [Social mobilization in Stalin’s society (late 1920s - 1930s): Collective monograph]. 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