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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Russian History</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Russian History</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: История России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-8674</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-8690</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">19125</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-8674-2018-17-3-551-580</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY OF TURKISH-MUSLIM PEOPLES OF RUSSIA</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ ТЮРКО-МУСУЛЬМАНСКИХ НАРОДОВ РОССИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Formation and development of the theological thought of Tatars: history and trends of development</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Становление и развитие богословской мысли татар: история и тенденции</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Adygamov</surname><given-names>Ramil K</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Адыгамов</surname><given-names>Рамиль Камилович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>abu_muhammad@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sh. Mardjani Institute of History Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт истории имени Ш. Марджани Академии наук Республики Татарстан</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">HISTORY OF TURKISH-MUSLIM PEOPLES OF RUSSIA</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ИСТОРИЯ ТЮРКО-МУСУЛЬМАНСКИХ НАРОДОВ РОССИИ</issue-title><fpage>551</fpage><lpage>580</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2018-08-31"><day>31</day><month>08</month><year>2018</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2018, Adygamov R.K.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2018, Адыгамов Р.К.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Adygamov R.K.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Адыгамов Р.К.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/russian-history/article/view/19125">https://journals.rudn.ru/russian-history/article/view/19125</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The socio-economic changes in the territory of the former USSR, the processes of ethno-religious revival revealed the relevance of the traditional heritage, which in the process of historical heritage has allowed developing tolerant and good-neighbourly relations in the Russian Federation. In this regard, the second half of the 18th century - the first quarter of the 20th century is a special period for the social thought of the Tatars, as after three hundred years of stagnation it is reviving. But the study of the history of the revival of the Tatars’ social and theological thought and in particular the problems of Islamic law of this period involves primarily the identification of the main cultural, social and political factors that influenced its formation and development. The most important of these factors for the Tatars was Islam. The Islamic religious tradition was firmly established and maintained, despite the socio-political events that took place in the region. The Mongol invasion, the collapse of the Golden Horde, the conquest of the Kazan khanate did not change the religious situation in the region. After the capture of Kazan up to the end of the 18th century there was stagnation in the social life and social thought of the Tatars. Despite this, after the issuance of the decree on religious tolerance by Catherine II, there began a rapid process of the revival of the Tatars’ social thought. As the Tatars received religious education in the world’s famous religious centres, the ideas of theologians of the Islamic world had a significant impact on the formation of their views. The second most important factor that influenced the formation of the ideas of the Tatar thinkers was the ideas of European and Russian reformers. The Tatar thinkers got acquainted with them as a result of communication with the Russian intelligentsia, thanks to the development of the education system, as well as from the works of thinkers. Thus, the mentioned factors influenced the formation of the reform ideas in the Tatar theological thought, which contributed to the socio-economic development of the Tatar society.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье анализируется история возрождения после почти трехсотлетнего застоя общественно-богословской мысли татар, которая приходится на период второй половины XVIII - первой четверти XX в. Исследование данной проблемы и в частности проблем исламского права в рамках данного периода, предполагает, в первую очередь, выявление основных культурных, социальных и политических факторов, оказавших влияние на становление и развитие богословской мысли татар. В качестве важнейшего из факторов автор называет ислам, официальное принятие которого состоялось булгарами (предками татар) в X в., после чего исламская религиозная традиция прочно закрепилась и сохранялась, несмотря на монгольское нашествие, распад Золотой Орды, завоевание Казанского ханства. Вместе с тем в статье отмечается, что после взятия Казани и вплоть до конца XVIII в. наблюдался застой в социальной жизни и общественной мысли татар. Лишь после указа Екатерины II о веротерпимости начинается процесс возрождения общественно-богословской мысли татар. Поскольку татары получали религиозное образование в мировых религиозных центрах, то идеи богословов исламского мира оказывали значительное влияние на формирование их взглядов. Автор статьи обращается к трудам таких татарских богословов, как Ахмад ас-Сирхинди, Мехмед Бергеви, Шах Валиулла, Мухаммад ибн Абд ал-Ваххаб, Афгани, Абдо, Рашид Рида, большинство из которых объединяли ханафитская богословская школа и накшбандийский тарикат. Вторым по значимости фактором, оказавшим влияние на развитие богословской мысли татар, по мнению автора, были идеи европейских и российских реформаторов, с которыми татарские мыслители знакомились через систему образования, а также из трудов мыслителей. В совокупности перечисленные факторы оказывали влияние на формирование собственно реформаторского течения в татарской общественно-богословской мысли, способствовавшего дальнейшему социально-экономическому развитию татарского социума.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Islam</kwd><kwd>Tatar theologians</kwd><kwd>Tatar social thought</kwd><kwd>Tatar theological thought</kwd><kwd>theological tradition</kwd><kwd>Tatars’ history of Islam</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ислам</kwd><kwd>татарские богословы</kwd><kwd>татарская общественная мысль</kwd><kwd>татарская богословская мысль</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abdullin, Y.G. Tatarskaya prosvetitel’skaya mysl’ [Tatar political thought]. Kazan: Tatarskoe knizhnoe izdatel’stvo Publ., 1976 (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Weese D. 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