The study analyzes the concepts of modern political scientists and economists about the phenomenon of the genesis of modern neo-fascism. One of the aspects of considering the genesis of modern fascism is the problem of liberal transit. Modern globalism and liberalism give rise to new forms of neo-fascism, which acts as a moment and stage of development of liberalism. Neo-fascism and liberalism are organically conditioned and semantically close in the idea of anthropological (racial), and therefore, country inequality. The study traces two contours of the formation and implementation of neo-fascism in the modern West. Internal - these are the crisis processes of liberal democracy, which is increasingly transformed into blatant manipulation of society. The external aspect of neo-fascist tendencies is manifested in the practice of neo-colonialism, the imposition of the will of Western countries on the non-Western world. The author identifies the key factors in the genesis of neo-fascism: the progressive growth of social inequality, the degradation of institutions of political democracy. The study examines the historical prerequisites for fascism that developed in the 1930s in the United States.