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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Public Administration</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Public Administration</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия:  Государственное и муниципальное управление</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-8313</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-1228</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">23798</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-8313-2020-7-1-70-82</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>International Experience of Public Administration</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Международный опыт государственного управления</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Holding Together, Coming Together or Putting Together? A [Re]examination on the Formation of Ethiopia’s Federation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Держаться вместе, идти вместе или собираться вместе? Пересмотр вопроса о формировании федерализма в Эфиопии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Muluye</surname><given-names>Ketemaw Tiruneh</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мулуйе</surname><given-names>Китемо Тируне</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en">Lecturer of the Department of Civic and Ethical Studies</bio><bio xml:lang="ru">преподаватель кафедры гражданских и этических исследований</bio><email>ketemaw.muluye@uog.edu.et</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">University of Gondar</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Гондэр</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 7, NO1 (2020)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 7, №1 (2020)</issue-title><fpage>70</fpage><lpage>82</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-05-26"><day>26</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Muluye K.T.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Мулуйе К.Т.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Muluye K.T.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мулуйе К.Т.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/public-administration/article/view/23798">https://journals.rudn.ru/public-administration/article/view/23798</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en">Federations are institutional and structural arrangements with the tenets of shared rule and self-rule. These federations may be formed through coming together, holding together or putting together processes. Both holding together and coming together federations are established through democratic bargain while putting together federation is imposed coercively by the winners. Hence, this article aims to situate Ethiopia in to one of these three variants through critical [re]examination of the transitional activities. The data were collected through interviews and document analysis. A qualitative analysis was employed to analyze the data. Accordingly, the paper argues that Ethiopia is a putting together federation because of the major flaws committed during the transition. Particularly, the absence of an organization that could represent Amhara during the Peace Conference, exclusion of the major political organizations from the conference and the aftermath processes as well as the inhuman and extrajudicial treatments against those who were explaining their discontent in the restructuring processes are some of the justification to level Ethiopia’s federation as putting together. Moreover, the electoral frauds that forced the major political parties to boycott the elections (the 1992 and 1994 elections) and the manipulation of the drafting and ratification processes of the constitution by TPLF/EPRDF can justify this position. Hence, it is recommended to restructure the federation through democratic bargaining for the putting nature of the federation is facing a legitimacy crisis due to the different questions rooted in the formation processes.</abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">Федерации основаны на принципах совместного правления и самоуправления. Федерации могут быть сформированы на основе различных моделей объединения: как посредством «демократической сделки», так и в том случае, когда федеративная модель навязывается победителями принудительно. Целью данной статьи является анализ модели федерализма в Эфиопии посредством критического рассмотрения переходного процесса. Автор опирается на данные, собранные при помощи интервью и анализа документов. Для анализа полученных данных был использован качественный анализ. В статье утверждается, что Эфиопия является федерацией объединяющего типа из-за серьезных ошибок, допущенных в период переходного периода. К таким ошибкам автор относит, в частности, отсутствие организации, которая могла бы представлять народ Амхара во время Мирной конференции, исключение основных политических организаций из участия в конференции и последующих процессов государственного строительства, а также жестокое и внесудебное обращение с отдельными гражданами и общественными деятелями, выражавшими недовольство процессами федерализации после 1991 года. Также автор полагает, что становление эфиопской модели федерализма сопровождалось фальсификациями на выборах, которые вынудили основные политические партии бойкотировать парламентские выборы 1992 и 1994 годов, а также манипуляциями в ходе процесса разработки и ратификации Конституции со стороны партии РДФЭН. В заключение статьи автор рекомендует реструктурировать федеративную систему Эфиопии посредством демократических переговоров, так как в настоящий момент она сталкивается с кризисом легитимности.</trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>putting together federation</kwd><kwd>holding together Federation</kwd><kwd>Ethnic federalism</kwd><kwd>Ethiopia’s federalism</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Эфиопия</kwd><kwd>федерация</kwd><kwd>этнический федерализм</kwd><kwd>эфиопский федерализм</kwd><kwd>Конституция</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Assefa F. Federalism and the Accommodation of Diversity: A Comparative Study. Netherlands: Wolf Legal Publisher; 2006.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Taylor B. Force and Federalism: Controlling Coercion in Federal Hybrid Regimes. 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