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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Psychology and Pedagogics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Psychology and Pedagogics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Психология и педагогика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-1683</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-1705</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">46373</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-1683-2025-22-1-123-143</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">UCTISS</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PERSONALITY AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛИЧНОСТЬ И ЦИФРОВЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ: ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ И РИСКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The Problem of Identifying Text Markers of Depression and Depressiveness in Automatic Text Analysis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Проблема выделения текстовых маркеров депрессии / депрессивности при автоматическом анализе текста</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6207-8693</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6989-9498</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitina</surname><given-names>Elena N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитина</surname><given-names>Елена Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Philology, Senior Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат филологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>yelenon@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0705-5832</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1916-7298</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stankevich</surname><given-names>Maksim A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Станкевич</surname><given-names>Максим Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>stankevich@isa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9306-1280</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3421-2959</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chudova</surname><given-names>Natalia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чудова</surname><given-names>Наталья Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Psychology, Senior Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат психологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>nchudova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр «Информатика и управление» Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 22, NO1 (2025)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 22, №1 (2025)</issue-title><fpage>123</fpage><lpage>143</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-10"><day>10</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Nikitina E.N., Stankevich M.A., Chudova N.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Никитина Е.Н., Станкевич М.А., Чудова Н.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikitina E.N., Stankevich M.A., Chudova N.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никитина Е.Н., Станкевич М.А., Чудова Н.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/psychology-pedagogics/article/view/46373">https://journals.rudn.ru/psychology-pedagogics/article/view/46373</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper examines the interdisciplinary topic of the possibility of determining the psychological characteristics of authors from their texts, which may be useful for artificial intelligence methods. The aim of the study was to identify textual markers of depression and depressiveness. For this purpose, a study of two corpora of texts was carried out using a linguistic analyzer developed at the Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FRC CSC RAS). One corpus consisted of 557 essays written by patients with clinical depression ( N = 110) and healthy subjects ( N = 447), and the other was formed by 224 social media posts written by people with high (89) and low (135) scores of depressiveness on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). In total, data on 108 text parameters were obtained for both corpora. The authors identified textual features common and specific to the texts of the depressed patients and the texts of those with a high level of depressiveness according to the questionnaire data, and provided their psychological and linguistic interpretations. At the same time, not only lexical features were taken into account, but also grammatical ones (in the broad sense), such as parts of speech, morphemes, grammemes, locative, temporal and causal noun phrases, indicators of text segmentation and text coherence, etc. Based on the results of the analyses, three complex indicators of depression were proposed, including a number of specific psycholinguistic, linguistic and psychological markers. For the texts of the subjects with signs of depression according to the BDI, markers were selected from social media messages, which were combined into two complex indicators. They are proposed to be considered in mass surveys as indicators of dissatisfaction (hostility) rather than depression. The authors also discuss the theoretically and experimentally identified problem of identifying text markers of depression and formulate proposals on the methodology of using AI tools in network psychodiagnostics.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Работа посвящена актуальной междисциплинарной проблеме возмож ности выявления в текстах признаков депрессии. Цель исследования - определение тех параметров текста, которые могут при автоматическом анализе служить маркерами депресс ии / депрессивности. Исследование двух корпусов текстов: эссе, написанных пациентами с депрессией и здоровыми испытуемыми, и постов в социальных сетях, написанных людьми с высокими и низкими показателями депрессивности по шкале Бека, - проводилось с помощью инструмента автоматического анализа текста TITANIS, разработанного в ФИЦ ИУ РАН. Получены данные анализа по 108 параметрам 557 текстов эссе (полученных от 110 пациентов с депрессией, и 447 здоровых испытуемых) и 224 текстов постов в социальных сетях (полученных от 89 испытуемых с признаками депрессивного состояния и 135 испытуемых без признаков депрессивности). Выявлены текстовые особенности, общие и специфичные для текстов больных депрессией и текстов людей с высокими показателями депрессивности по опроснику, представлена их психологическая интерпретация. Проведен лингвистический анализ специфики «депрессивного текста» в группе больных депрессией и в группе «депрессивных» по данным опросника. Показана роль не только частотно-лексических, но и грамматических в широком смысле признаков текста (части речи, морфемы, граммемы, именные синтаксемы, признаки связности, членимость текста и др.). По результатам анализа предложены три комплексных показателя депрессии, включающих в себя ряд частных психолингвистических, лингвистических и психологических маркеров. Для текстов людей, имеющих признаки депрессивности по шкале Бека, выделены маркеры постов в соцсетях, объединяющиеся в два комплексных показателя; предложено рассматривать их в массовых обследованиях как показатели недовольства (враждебности), а не депрессии. Сделаны выводы по проблемам выделения текстовых маркеров депрессии и сформулированы предложения по вопросам методологии использования средств автоматического анализа текста в сетевой психодиагностике.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>depressiveness</kwd><kwd>text markers</kwd><kwd>automatic text analysis</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>social networks</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>депрессия</kwd><kwd>депрессивность</kwd><kwd>текстовые маркеры</kwd><kwd>автоматический анализ текста</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>социальные сети</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Devyatkin, D. (2019). Extraction of cognitive operations from scientific texts. 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