RUDN Journal of Psychology and PedagogicsRUDN Journal of Psychology and PedagogicsВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Психология и педагогика2313-16832313-1705Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)4567810.22363/2313-1683-2024-21-4-1101-1136MDINQYCURRENT TRENDS IN PERSONALITY RESEARCHСОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ЛИЧНОСТИResearch ArticleA Battery of Measures for Psychometric Assessment of Life History StrategyБатарея методик для психометрической оценки стратегии истории жизниhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8841-172259204492200HII-5216-20224854-0374KomyaginskayaElizaveta ShamilevnaКомягинскаяЕлизавета Шамилевна

Research Intern, Center for Sociocultural Research

стажер-исследователь, Центр социокультурных исследований

ekomyaginskaya@hse.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8775-728958182813400GLV-6876-20226639-2529GallyamovaAlbina AlikovnaГаллямоваАльбина Аликовна

Junior Research Fellow, Center for Sociocultural Research

младший научный сотрудник, Центр социокультурных исследований

aagallyamova@hse.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-3953-3303JLM-1622-2023GodovanetsAlisa AlekseevnaГодованецАлиса Алексеевна

Research Intern, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience

стажер-исследователь, Институт когнитивных нейронаук

agodovanets@hse.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4511-794257191706675K-3338-20151807-9739GrigoryevDmitry SergeevichГригорьевДмитрий Сергеевич

Research Fellow, Center for Sociocultural Research

PhD, научный сотрудник, Центр социокультурных исследований

dgrigoryev@hse.ruHSE UniversityНациональный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»15122024214VOL 21, NO4 (2024)ТОМ 21, №4 (2024)1101113629082025Copyright ©; 2024, Komyaginskaya E.S., Gallyamova A.A., Godovanets A.A., Grigoryev D.S.Copyright ©; 2024, Комягинская Е.Ш., Галлямова А.А., Годованец А.А., Григорьев Д.С.2024Komyaginskaya E.S., Gallyamova A.A., Godovanets A.A., Grigoryev D.S.Комягинская Е.Ш., Галлямова А.А., Годованец А.А., Григорьев Д.С.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/psychology-pedagogics/article/view/45678

In recent years, life history theory has significantly strengthened its position in the social sciences, offering explanations for persistent variations in behavior and values, as well as physiological, cognitive, psychological, and social traits of individuals along the continuum between fast and slow strategies. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of this all-encompassing theory, demonstrating its significance across various disciplines. Psychometric methods for assessing life history strategy (LHS) are typically based on the evaluation of the so-called K -factor, where a high value indicates a slower LHS and, conversely, a lower value indicates a faster LHS. In our study, we were adapting and validating the most popular unidimensional measure, the so-called Mini-K, for the Russian context, supplementing it with our measure for assessing the harshness of childhood conditions (threats, deprivations, unpredictability), which allows us to overcome the limitations of the original approach. The first stage of development and adaptation involved a qualitative analysis of the measures’ content using cognitive interviews. These interviews supported the adequacy of the item formulations for the Russian-speaking context, as well as their accuracy and clarity. In the second stage, an empirical validation of the methods was conducted through a sociopsychological survey involving 2,032 Russians. The results showed that the proposed factor structure for both measures possesses optimal global fit with the measurement models. The scales demonstrated sex invariance, high reliability coefficients, as well as convergent and discriminant validity. Considering previous research on the psychometric assessment of LHS, the Mini-K method demonstrated adequate results that are substantively related to the measure assessing the harshness of childhood conditions and some biodemographic indicators. The proposed measures will be especially useful for studies dedicated to examining individual and group differences.

В последние годы теория истории жизни значительно укрепила свои позиции в социальных науках, предлагая объяснение устойчивых вариаций в поведении и ценностях, а также физиологических, когнитивных, психологических и социальных чертах индивидов в рамках континуума между быстрой и медленной стратегиями. В исследовании предложен комплексный обзор этой всеобъемлющей теории, продемонстрировано ее значение в разных дисциплинах. Психометрические методики оценки стратегии истории жизни (СИЖ) обычно основываются на оценке так называемого K -фактора, высокое значение которого свидетельствует о более медленной СИЖ, и, наоборот, низкое - о более быстрой СИЖ. В данном исследовании адаптирована и валидизирована самая популярная однофакторная методика Mini-K для российского контекста, дополненная авторской методикой для оценки суровости детского опыта (угроз, лишений, непредсказуемости), позволяющей преодолеть ограничения оригинального подхода. Первый этап разработки и адаптации включал качественный анализ содержания методик при помощи когнитивных интервью, которые подтвердили адекватность формулировок пунктов для русскоязычного контекста, а также их точность и понятность. На втором этапе была проведена эмпирическая проверка методик с помощью социально-психологического опроса, в котором приняли участие 2032 россиянина. Результаты показали, что предполагаемая факторная структура для обеих методик обладает оптимальным глобальным соответствием измерительных моделей. Шкалы продемонстрировали инвариантность по полу, высокие показатели надежности, а также конвергентную и дискриминантную валидность. С учетом предыдущих исследований по психометрической оценке СИЖ, методика Mini-K продемонстрировала хорошие результаты, которые содержательно соотносятся с методикой суровости детского опыта и рядом биодемографических показателей. Предложенные методики будут особенно полезны для исследований, посвященных изучению индивидуальных и групповых различий.

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