RUDN Journal of Psychology and PedagogicsRUDN Journal of Psychology and PedagogicsВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Психология и педагогика2313-16832313-1705Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)4376110.22363/2313-1683-2024-21-3-831-857GUPGVYPERSONALITY IN THE DIGITAL AGE: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGESЛИЧНОСТЬ В ЦИФРОВУЮ ЭПОХУ: ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ И РИСКИResearch ArticleThe Future of Psychology: Is Effective Interaction with ChatGPT Possible?Будущее психологии: эффективное взаимодействие с ChatGPT возможно?https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6612-97262852-2031VoroninAnatoly N.ВоронинАнатолий Николаевич

Doctor of Psychology, Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Speech Psychology and Psycholinguistics

доктор психологических наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией психологии речи и психолингвистики

voroninan@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8552-5639PalenovaVioletta V.ПалёноваВиолетта Викторовна

PhD Student

аспирант

violetta.palenova@yandex.ruInstitute of Psychology, Russian Academy of SciencesИнститут психологии Российской академии наукState Academic University for the HumanitiesГосударственный академический университет гуманитарных наук0304202521383185709042025Copyright ©; 2024, Voronin A.N., Palenova V.V.Copyright ©; 2024, Воронин А.Н., Палёнова В.В.2024Voronin A.N., Palenova V.V.Воронин А.Н., Палёнова В.В.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/psychology-pedagogics/article/view/43761

The relevance of this study is due to the need to adapt psychology to the challenges of the digital era and integrate new tools for predicting the future of science. The use of large language models, such as ChatGPT, opens up prospects for analyzing scientific representations and trends in the psychology of the future. The purpose of the article is to determine the possibility of dialogue with ChatGPT for analyzing promising areas of psychology and to highlight ‘representations’ of the future of psychological science encoded in the GPT-3.5 text database. The study was conducted in three stages: (1) determining the optimal interaction parameters for ChatGPT; (2) developing an interview framework based on S. Kvale’s methodology; and (3) conducting a series of interviews followed by text analysis using A. Giorgi’s meaning condensation method. In the process, the prompt parameters were optimized to improve the quality and completeness of the responses, and the model limitations were identified, including the problem of ‘hallucinations’. The results of the study showed that the quality of ChatGPT responses would depend on the structure of the prompts, the described roles, and the context of the task. The optimal prompt length was determined to be up to 13,000 characters, while the key challenges included superficial answers to simple queries and the generation of unreliable data, which required critical verification. The research interview with ChatGPT made it possible to reconstruct representations about the future of psychology, highlighting 73 relevant research areas, including artificial intelligence, positive psychology, virtual reality, and online psychotherapy. It was found that the future design of psychological research would be based on the use of Big Data, machine learning, virtual reality technologies, and multimethod approaches. It was shown that the future of psychological science would largely depend on the integration of psychology with neuroscience, genetics, epigenetics, and artificial intelligence. The study demonstrated the potential of using ChatGPT to analyze scientific representations and identify promising directions for the development of psychology. The results obtained make it possible to assess the capabilities of large language models as tools for specific psychological research, emphasizing their relevance in the context of contemporary interdisciplinary approaches.

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью адаптации психологии к вызовам цифровой эпохи и внедрению новых инструментов для прогнозирования будущего науки. Использование больших языковых моделей, таких как ChatGPT, открывает перспективы для анализа научных представлений и тенденций в психологии будущего. Цель исследования - определение возможностей диалога с ChatGPT для анализа перспективных направлений психологии и выявление «представлений» о будущем психологической науки, закодированных в текстовой базе GPT-3.5. Исследование проводилось в три этапа: определение оптимальных параметров взаимодействия с ChatGPT, разработка схемы интервью по методике С. Квале и проведение серии интервью с последующим анализом текстов методом конденсации смысла А. Джорджи. В процессе работы оптимизировались параметры промптов для улучшения качества и полноты ответов, выявлялись ограничения модели, включая проблему «галлюцинирования». Результаты исследования показали: качество ответов ChatGPT зависит от структуры промптов, описанных ролей и контекста задачи; оптимальная длина запроса составляет до 13 тысяч знаков; ключевыми проблемами остаются поверхностные ответы на простые запросы и генерация недостоверных данных, требующая критической верификации. Исследовательское интервью с ChatGPT позволило реконструировать представления о будущем психологии, выделить 73 актуальных направления исследований, среди которых искусственный интеллект, позитивная психология, виртуальная реальность и онлайн-психотерапия. Установлено, что будущий дизайн психологических исследований будет основан на использовании Big Data, машинного обучения, технологий виртуальной реальности и мультиметодных подходов. Показано, что будущее психологической науки в значительной степени зависит от интеграции психологии с нейронауками, генетикой, эпигенетикой и искусственным интеллектом. Исследование продемонстрировало потенциал использования ChatGPT для анализа научных представлений и определения перспективных направлений развития психологии. Полученные результаты позволяют оценить возможности больших языковых моделей в качестве инструментов для конкретных психологических исследований и подчеркивают их актуальность в контексте современных междисциплинарных подходов.

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