RUDN Journal of Psychology and PedagogicsRUDN Journal of Psychology and PedagogicsВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Психология и педагогика2313-16832313-1705Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)4038210.22363/2313-1683-2023-20-4-697-712VBKWKAPERSONALITY AND CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGESЛИЧНОСТЬ И ВЫЗОВЫ СОВРЕМЕННОСТИResearch ArticleIndividual Psychological Specificity of Self-Realization of IT SpecialistsИндивидуально-психологическая специфика самореализации ИТ-специалистовhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2117-69753802-0303KudinovSergey I.КудиновСергей Иванович

Sc.D. in Psychology, Professor, Psychology and Pedagogy Department

доктор психологических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры психологии и педагогики

rudn.tgu@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6159-594XBelyaevaEvgenia N.БеляеваЕвгения Николаевна

postgraduate student, Psychology and Pedagogy Department

аспирант, кафедра психологии и педагогики

trg174@gmail.comRUDN UniversityРоссийский университет дружбы народов15122023204VOL 20, NO4 (2023)ТОМ 20, №4 (2023)69771212082024Copyright ©; 2023, Kudinov S.I., Belyaeva E.N.Copyright ©; 2023, Кудинов С.И., Беляева Е.Н.2023Kudinov S.I., Belyaeva E.N.Кудинов С.И., Беляева Е.Н.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/psychology-pedagogics/article/view/40382

The research of the structure of the phenomenon of self-realization among specialists in the digital sphere in the context of information and computer activities is presented. The authors analyzed the hierarchy and components of self-realization among IT workers with different sets of individual psychological characteristics, which, through clustering, were divided into three subtypes: (1) introverted-confident; (2) extroverted-active; and (3) extroverted-prosocial. The study involved 154 people, including 42 women and 112 men aged 22-44 (mean age = 32.09 ± 5.71); all of them were employees of leading Russian IT companies in Moscow. Following psychodiagnostic techniques were applied: Individual-Typological Questionnaire (ITQ) by L.N. Sobchik, Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) - introversion - extroversion scale, Strategic Approach to Coping Scale (SACS) questionnaire by S. Hobfoll, and Multidimensional Personality Self-Realization Inventory (MPSI) by S.I. Kudinov. The results showed that the structure of self-realization had its own specific features depending on the personality type of the IT employees. For the respondents of cluster I (introverted-confident personality type), the main variables of the self-realization process were optimism, internality and constructiveness, which led to success and a positive assessment of the self-realization process. For the respondents with extroverted-active characteristics in the hierarchy of personal self-realization, the key components of self-realization were social and corporate attitudes, egocentric motivation, internality, conservatism, and destructiveness. The respondents with extroverted-prosocial traits had pronounced subjective personal attitudes, internality, creativity, destructiveness, and social barriers, with predominant limiting factors of self-realization. The results of the study can be considered in the context of psychological support for the IT specialists based on their individual psychological traits.

Приведены результаты исследования структуры феномена самореализации у специалистов цифровой сферы в условиях информационно-компьютерной деятельности. Проведен анализ иерархии и компонентов самореализации у работников ИТ-сферы с различными набором индивидуально-психологических особенностей, которые путем кластеризации разделены на три подтипа: 1) интровертированно-уверенный; 2) экстравертированно-активный; 3) экстравертированно-просоциальный. Выборку составили 154 человека - 42 женщины, 112 мужчин в возрасте от 22 до 44 лет (средний возраст - 32,09 ± 5,71) - сотрудники ведущих российских IT-компаний в Москве. Использовались следующие психодиагностические методики: индивидуально-типологический опросник (ИТО) Л.Н. Собчик, личностный опросник Айзенка (EPI) - шкала интроверсия - экстраверсия, опросник «Стратегии преодоления стрессовых ситуаций (SACS)» С. Хобфолла, многомерный опросник самореализации личности (МОСЛ) С.И. Кудинова. Показано, что структура самореализации имеет свои особенности в зависимости от типа личности сотрудников ИТ-сферы. У специалистов первого кластера (интровертированно-уверенный тип личности) основными переменными процесса самореализации являются оптимистичность, интернальность, конструктивность, что приводит к успешности, положительной оценке процесса самореализации. У ИТ-специалистов с экстравертированно-активными особенностями в иерархии самореализации личности ключевыми составляющими самореализации выступают субъектно-корпоративные установки, эгоцентрическая мотивация, интернальная саморегуляция, консервативность и деструктивность. У респондентов с экстравертированно-просоциальными чертами отмечается преобладание субъектно-личностных установок, интернальность процесса самореализации, креативность, деструктивность и социальные барьеры с преобладанием сдерживающих факторов самоосуществления. Полученные результаты можно рассматривать в контексте психологического сопровождения специалистов ИТ-сферы с опорой на их индивидуально-психологические черты.

IT-specialistsindividual typological featuresextraversionintroversioncoping behaviorcoping strategiesself-realizationself-expressionИТ-специалистыиндивидуально-типологические особенностиэкстраверсияинтроверсиясовладающее поведениекопинг-стратегиисамореализациясамовыражениеAgeeva, N.A. (2007). Characteristics of internet-addicted persons. RUDN Journal of Psychology and Pedagogics, (1), 67-79. (In Russ.)Aziz, M., Erbad, A., Belhaouari, S.B., Abdelmoneium, A.O., Al-Harahsheh, S., Bagdady, A., & Ali, R. (2022). The interplay between adolescents’ Internet addiction and family-related factors: Three common patterns. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 27(1), 418-431. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2022.2115307Babaeva, Yu.D., & Voiskunskii, A.E. (1998). Psychological consequences of informatization. Psikhologicheskii Zhournal, 19(1), 89-100. (In Russ.)Crysdian, C. (2022). The evaluation of higher education policy to drive university entrepreneurial activities in information technology learning. Cogent Education, 9(1), 2104012. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2022.2104012Druzhilov, S.A. (2018). Contemporary information environment and human ecology: Psychological aspects. Hygiene and Sanitation, 97(7), 597-603. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2018-97-7-597-603Flaminiano, J.P.C., Francisco, J.P.S., & Alcantara, S.T.S. (2022). Information technology as a catalyst to the effects of education on labor productivity. Information Technology for Development, 28(4), 797-815. https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2021.2008851Ivanov, M.S. (2008). Psychology of personal self-realization in computer gaming activities. Kemerovo: Kuzbassvuzizdat Publ. (In Russ.)Katkalo, K.D., & Pecherkina, A.A. (2022). Theoretical model of personal and professional self-realization. Bulletin of the Moscow Region State University. Series: Psychological Sciences, (2), 6-19. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18384/2310-7235-2022-2-6-19Kostakova, I.V., & Belousovа (Grigorieva), S.S. (2014). Psychological basis of career and job satisfaction in adults. National Psychological Journal, (3), 80-85. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.11621/npj.2014.0310Kudinov, S.I. (2007). Multisystem approach to the study of personal self-realization. Siberian Pedagogical Journal, (11), 337-346. (In Russ.)Kudinov, S.I., & Belyaeva, E.N. (2023). Individual psychological prerequisites for self-realization of IT specialists. Izvestiya of Saratov University. Educational Acmeology. Developmental Psychology, 12(3), 215-226. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18500/2304-9790-2023-12-3-215-226Kudinov, S.I., Kudinov, S.S., & Burcev, A.O. (2023). Responsibility as a prerequisite for professional self-realization of employees of the judicial system. Applied Legal Psychology, (2), 39-51. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.33463/2072-8336.2023.2(63).039-051Lin, C.-Y., & Huang, C.-K. (2021). Employee turnover intentions and job performance from a planned change: The effects of an organizational learning culture and job satisfaction. International Journal of Manpower, 42(3), 409-423. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijm-08-2018-0281Lippke, S., Dahmen, A., Gao, L., Guza, E., & Nigg, C.R. (2021). To what extent is Internet activity predictive of psychological well-being? Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 14, 207-219. https://doi.org/10.2147/prbm.s274502Lyvers, M., Senturk, C., & Thorberg, F.A. (2021). Alexithymia, impulsivity and negative mood in relation to internet addiction symptoms in female university students. Australian Journal of Psychology, 73(4), 548-556. https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2021.1942985Nebratenko, G.G., & Burlutskiy, A.N. (2020). The fourth industrial revolution as a subject of social philosophy: A critical analysis. Philosophy of Law, (1), 116-121. (In Russ.)Pavlova, N.D., Voronin, A.N., Grebenschikova, T.A., & Kubrak, T.A. (2019). Development of approach to typology of internet communities based on discursive markers of collective subjectivity. RUDN Journal of Psychology and Pedagogics, 16(3), 341-358. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-1683-2019-16-3-341-358Pecherkina, A.A., & Katkalo, K.D. (2021). Personal and professional self-realization: Analysis of research by domestic and foreign authors. Pedagogical Education in Russia, (1), 88-95. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26170/2079-8717_2021_01_11Plotkina, L.N. (2010). Professionally significant characteristics of it specialists: Social and psychological analysis. Izvestia of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 12(5-1), 37-144. (In Russ.)Schehl, B., Leukel, J., & Sugumaran, V. (2019). Understanding differentiated internet use in older adults: A study of informational, social, and instrumental online activities. Computers in Human Behavior, 97, 222-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.03.031Shamionov, R.M., & Suzdaltsev, N.V. (2022). The ratio commitment to social activity on the Internet and physical space among young people. RUDN Journal of Psychology and Pedagogics, 19(1), 21-38. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-1683-2022-19-1-21-38Shmelev, A.G. (2002). Psychodiagnostics of personality traits. St. Petersburg: Rech' Publ. (In Russ.)Sklyarova, T.V., & Malyshev, V.S. (2021). The specifics of training highly qualified personnel in postgraduate studies using information and communication technologies in Russia and abroad. RUDN Journal of Psychology and Pedagogics, 18(1), 153-173. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-1683-2021-18-1-153-173Sobchik, L.N. (2005). Psychology of individuality. Theory and practice of psychodiagnostics. St. Petersburg: Rech' Publ. (In Russ.)Tripathi, A., & Kalia, P. (2022). Examining the effects of supportive work environment and organisational learning culture on organisational performance in information technology companies: The mediating role of learning agility and organisational innovation. Innovation, 26(2), 257-277. https://doi.org/10.1080/14479338.2022.2116640Turkle, S. (2005). The second self: Computers and the human spirit (twentieth anniversary edition). Cambridge: The MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/6115.001.0001Vijh, G., Sharma, R., & Agrawal, S. (2022). Effect of competency on employee performance and the mediating role of commitment: An empirical investigation in the IT industry. Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences, 43(7), 1573-1587. https://doi.org/10.1080/02522667.2022.2128518Vodopyanova, N.E. (2009). Psychodiagnostics of stress. St. Petersburg: Piter Publ. (In Russ.)Vodyanova, N.V. (2009). Self-realization of personality in the Internet in the context of communicative anthropology. Bulletin of Chelyabinsk State University, (11), 57-62. (In Russ.)Voiskunsky, A.E. (2002). Internet research in psychology. In I. Semenov (Ed.), Internet and Russian Society (pp. 235-250). Moscow: Gendal'f Publ. (In Russ.)Volkov, Yu.K. (2022). Technoscience, humanity and Man: In search for a formula of coexistence. Epistemology & Philosophy of Science, 59(1), 211-224. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.5840/eps202259115Wang, F. (2023). School burnout and mind wandering among adolescents: The mediating roles of internet addiction and the moderating role of resilience. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 184(5), 356-371. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221325.2023.2209127Zemnukhova, L.V. (2013). Information technology as professional field. Sociological Journal, (4), 49-58. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.19181/socjour.2013.4.435