RUDN Journal of Psychology and PedagogicsRUDN Journal of Psychology and PedagogicsВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Психология и педагогика2313-16832313-1705Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)3316010.22363/2313-1683-2022-19-4-839-861PSYCHODIAGNOSTICS OF PERSONALITYПСИХОДИАГНОСТИКА ЛИЧНОСТИResearch ArticleDeveloping a Russian-Language Wisdom Diagnostics QuestionnaireРазработка русскоязычной методики диагностики мудростиhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1531-6265MekhtikhanovaNatalya N.МехтихановаНаталья Николаевна

Ph.D. in Psychology, is Associate Professor of the General Psychology Department

кандидат психологических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры общей психологии

natnik1@list.ruYaroslavl Demidov State UniversityЯрославский государственный университет имени П.Г. Демидова31122022194VOL 19, NO4 (2022)ТОМ 19, №4 (2022)83986131122022Copyright ©; 2022, Mekhtikhanova N.N.Copyright ©; 2022, Мехтиханова Н.Н.2022Mekhtikhanova N.N.Мехтиханова Н.Н.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/psychology-pedagogics/article/view/33160

Wisdom is an ancient concept that has acquired a new status in modern psychology. Wisdom has been proven to promote both optimal self-development and the well-being of others. However, its study requires a reliable methodological arsenal. In Russian science, work on creating methods for studying wisdom is just beginning. The subject of this study is a methodological toolkit for the empirical study of wisdom. The purpose of the study is to analyze and evaluate various methods accumulated in international psychology in recent years, as well as to create an improved version of the author’s questionnaire for diagnosing wisdom. The author discuss various classifications of methods for diagnosing wisdom proposed, in particular, by such authors as R. Sternberg, W. Staudinger & J. Glück, I. Grossmann. The advantages and limitations of the available methods are considered. It should be noted that quite reasonably there are a large number of self-assessment methods (questionnaires) among them. The empirical part of the work is concerned with identifying the factor structure of the original version of the author’s questionnaire and its verification. The study involved 1,078 persons, including 621 women and 457 men aged 18-72. The respondents were residents of various Russian cities with higher or secondary specialized education. The IBM SPSS Statistics 18.0 and Amos 18.0 software packages were used for calculations. The conducted exploratory factor analysis revealed the four-factor structure of the developed wisdom diagnostics questionnaire (WDQ). The adequacy of the obtained model feature was proved by the confirmatory factor analysis. The empirical structure of the WDQ, formed from four correlating factors with high internal consistency, corresponds to the theoretical model, which includes four indicators: (1) cognitive sphere, (2) behavioral features, (3) humanistic orientation, and (4) spontaneity of the emotional sphere. In accordance with this model, a modified version of the WDQ has been developed. In practical terms, this will expand the possibilities of diagnosing and subsequently developing the individual’s abilities to find wise solutions to critical social or interpersonal problems.

Мудрость - это древний феномен, который приобрел новый статус в современной психологии. Доказано, что она способствует и оптимальному саморазвитию, и благополучию других. Вместе с тем для ее изучения необходим надежный методический арсенал. В отечественной науке работа по созданию методов изучения мудрости только начинается. Предметом исследования стал методический инструментарий эмпирического изучения мудрости. Цель работы - анализ и оценка различных методов, накопленных в зарубежной психологии в последние годы, а также создание усовершенствованной русскоязычной авторской методики диагностики мудрости (опросника). Рассматриваются различные классификации методов диагностики мудрости, в частности Р. Стернберга, У. Стаудингер и Дж. Глук, И. Гроссманна, указываются их достоинства и ограничения. Отмечается, что среди них правомерно присутствует большое количество самооценочных методик (опросников). Эмпирическая часть работы посвящена выявлению факторной структуры первоначальной версии авторского опросника и ее верификации. В исследовании приняли участие 1078 человек: 621 женщина и 457 мужчин в возрасте 18-72 лет, жители различных городов России, имеющие высшее или среднее специальное образование. Для вычислений использовался пакет программ IBM SPSS Statistics 18.0 и Amos 18.0. Проведенный эксплораторный факторный анализ позволил выявить четырехфакторную структуру разработанной методики диагностики мудрости. Адекватность полученной модели доказана методом конфирматорного факторного анализа. Эмпирическая структура методики, образованная из четырех коррелирующих факторов, обладающих высокой внутренней согласованностью, соответствует теоретической модели, включающей четыре показателя: когнитивная сфера, поведенческие характеристики, гуманистическая направленность, спонтанность эмоциональной сферы. В соответствии с данной моделью разработан модифицированный вариант методики диагностики мудрости, представленный в приложении. В практическом плане это позволит расширить возможности диагностики и последующего развития способностей личности к мудрым решениям критических социальных или межличностных проблем.

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