RUDN Journal of Psychology and PedagogicsRUDN Journal of Psychology and PedagogicsВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Психология и педагогика2313-16832313-1705Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)3315610.22363/2313-1683-2022-19-4-765-780RESOURCES FOR PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AND MENTAL HEALTH OF PERSONALITYРЕСУРСЫ ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО БЛАГОПОЛУЧИЯ И ПСИХИЧЕСКОГО ЗДОРОВЬЯ ЛИЧНОСТИResearch ArticleGender Features of Coping Strategies in Men and WomenГендерные особенности копинг-стратегий мужчин и женщинhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0274-1702OvsyanikOlga A.ОвсяникОльга Александровна

Dr.Sc. in Psychology, is Associate Professor, Department of Social Psychology

доктор психологических наук, доцент, профессор кафедры социальной психологии

Ovsianik@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7830-9337NesterovaAlbina A.НестероваАльбина Александровна

Dr.Sc. in Psychology, is Associate Professor, Department of Social Psychology

доктор психологических наук, доцент, профессор кафедры социальной психологии

anesterova77@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6454-964XSidyachevaNatalia V.СидячеваНаталья Владимировна

PhD in Psychology, is Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Social Psychology

кандидат психологических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой социальной психологии

sidna@bk.ruMoscow Region State Pedagogical UniversityМосковский государственный областной педагогический университет31122022194VOL 19, NO4 (2022)ТОМ 19, №4 (2022)76578031122022Copyright ©; 2022, Ovsyanik O.A., Nesterova A.A., Sidyacheva N.V.Copyright ©; 2022, Овсяник О.А., Нестерова А.А., Сидячева Н.В.2022Ovsyanik O.A., Nesterova A.A., Sidyacheva N.V.Овсяник О.А., Нестерова А.А., Сидячева Н.В.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/psychology-pedagogics/article/view/33156

The effectiveness of coping behavior depends not only on a successful strategy but also on the individual characteristics of a person. Age, sex, intelligence, social status, gender identity - all these influence the coping ability and resilience of an individual. In mo- dern psychological research, there is some confusion between the concepts of ‘sex’ and ‘gender.’ Despite numerous studies on male and female coping strategies, gender differences in coping behavior are still poorly understood. The purpose of the study was to analyze gender-specific coping strategies of middle-aged men and women. Russian men and women (N = 286) were divided by gender (masculine, androgynous, feminine). The research was made using The Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BPRT) and Lazarus & Folkman’s Test Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ). This study employed a cross-sectional design. Differences among the groups were assessed using the Kruskal - Wallis H test, Mann - Whitney U test and Student t-test. The specificity of coping behavior was found to be determined by the gender identity of the study participants. The results of the present study support the gender differences hypothesis, since people with differences in biological sexual identity (male and female) use gender-specific coping strategies (masculine, feminine, or androgynous) if their gender orientations are the same. The research of masculinity, androgyny and femininity can become an important step in the long-term study of coping behavior and the basis for a better understanding of the dynamics of human behavior in a stressful situation.

Эффективность совладающего поведения зависит от применения успешных стратегий, а также от индивидуальных особенностей человека. Возраст, пол, интеллект, социальный статус, гендерная идентичность - все эти факторы могут влиять на способность справляться с трудностями и психологическую устойчивость каждого человека. В современных психологических исследованиях встречается путаница между понятиями «пол» и «гендер». Несмотря на существование множества исследований копинг-стратегий мужчин и женщин, различия копинг-поведения в зависимости от гендера мало изучены. Цель исследования - анализ гендерно-специфических копинг-стратегий мужчин и женщин среднего возраста. Выборка российских мужчин и женщин (N = 286) была разделена по гендерному признаку на три подгруппы: маскулинная, андрогинная, фемининная. Для диагностики использовались тест гендерных ролей С. Бем (The Bem Sex-Role Inventory, BPRT) и опросник копинг-стратегий Лазаруса и Фолкмана (Test Ways of Coping Questionnaire, WCQ) в русскоязычных адаптациях. Полученные результаты подтверждают гипотезу о том, что гендерная идентичность может определять специфику копинг-поведения людей: люди с различиями в биологической половой идентичности (мужчины и женщины) используют гендерно-специфические стратегии совладания (маскулинная, андрогинная, фемининная), если их гендерные ориентации совпадают. Исследование маскулинности, андрогинности и фемининности может способствовать изучению особенностей копинг-поведения и стать основой для лучшего понимания динамики поведения человека в стрессовой ситуации.

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