RUDN Journal of Psychology and PedagogicsRUDN Journal of Psychology and PedagogicsВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Психология и педагогика2313-16832313-1705Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)3224810.22363/2313-1683-2022-19-3-573-591CURRENT TRENDS IN PERSONALITY RESEARCHСОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ЛИЧНОСТИResearch ArticleBehavioral Manifestations of Empathy at an Early Age: Based on the Testing of a Standardized Experimental Procedure “Simulated Adult Distress”Поведенческие проявления эмпатии в раннем возрасте: на материале апробации стандартизованной экспериментальной процедуры «симулированный дистресс взрослого»https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1999-0839KaryaginaTatiana D.КарягинаТатьяна Дмитриевна

Ph.D. in Psychology, Associate Professor of the Department of Individual and Group Psychotherapy, Faculty of Counseling and Clinical Psychology, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education; Researcher in the Laboratory of Counseling Psychology and Psychotherapy, Psychodemia Ltd

кандидат психологических наук, доцент кафедры индивидуальной и групповой психотерапии, факультет консультативной и клинической психологии, Московский государственный психолого-педагогический университет; научный сотрудник лаборатории консультативной психологии и психотерапии, ООО «Психодемия»

kartan18@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4694-3947TomchukMarina A.ТомчукМарина Анатольевна

Master of Psychology, graduate of the master's degree program “Children's and Family Psychotherapy,” Faculty of Counseling and Clinical Psychology

магистр психологии, выпускник магистерской программы «Детская и семейная психотерапия», факультет консультативной и клинической психологии

mtomchuk@wiseberry.ruMoscow State University of Psychology & EducationМосковский государственный психолого-педагогический университетPsychodemia LtdООО «Психодемия»07102022193VOL 19, NO3 (2022)ТОМ 19, №3 (2022)57359107102022Copyright ©; 2022, Karyagina T.D., Tomchuk M.A.Copyright ©; 2022, Карягина Т.Д., Томчук М.А.2022Karyagina T.D., Tomchuk M.A.Карягина Т.Д., Томчук М.А.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/psychology-pedagogics/article/view/32248

The development of empathy at an early age (12-36 months) is gaining more and more attention due to the growing understanding of its importance in motivating care and prosocial behavior. The authors present the results of testing the standardized experimental procedure “simulated adult distress,” which is most often used in foreign psychology to study empathy in young children: the experimenter and the mother in the presence of the child take turns showing signs of pain/discomfort of low intensity for a short time. The study involved 12 girls aged 19-32 months. The children’s behavior was recorded by categories: hypothesis testing, empathic personal distress, empathic concern (care), and prosocial behavior. The study presents descriptions of behavioral manifestations in all the categories as well as a description of the identified phenomenon of repetition of adult behavior in the children aged 22-28 months. The results of the study allow to conclude that the use of the “simulated adult distress” procedure is promising for identifying empathy phenomena characteristic of an early age.

Развитие эмпатии в раннем возрасте (12-36 месяцев) привлекает все больше внимания в связи с возрастающим пониманием ее значения для мотивации помощи и просоциального поведения. Представлены результаты апробации стандартизованной экспериментальной процедуры «Симулированный дистресс взрослого», наиболее часто применяемой в зарубежной психологии для изучения эмпатии у детей раннего возраста: экспериментатор и мать в присутствии ребенка по очереди демонстрируют в течение короткого времени признаки боли/дискомфорта незначительной интенсивности. В исследовании приняли участие 12 девочек в возрасте 19-32 месяцев. Поведение детей фиксировалось по категориям: проверка гипотезы, эмпатический личный дистресс, эмпатическая забота, просоциальное поведение. Описаны поведенческие проявления по всем категориям, а также выявленный феномен повторения поведения взрослого у детей в возрасте 22-28 месяцев. Полученные результаты позволяют сделать вывод о перспективности использования процедуры «Симулированный дистресс взрослого» для выявления феноменов эмпатии, характерных для раннего возраста.

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