RUDN Journal of Psychology and PedagogicsRUDN Journal of Psychology and PedagogicsВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Психология и педагогика2313-16832313-1705Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)2690610.22363/2313-1683-2021-18-2-315-331THE INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETYЧЕЛОВЕК И ОБЩЕСТВОResearch ArticleSocial Representations and Individual Representations: What is the Difference? And Why are Individual Representations Similar?Социальные представления и индивидуальные представления: в чем разница? И почему индивидуальные представления похожи?LahlouSaadiЛалуСаади

Ph.D., HDR, is Professor in Social Psychology at the Department of Psychological and Behavioural Science

Ph.D., HDR, профессор социальной психологии департамента психологии и поведенческих

S.Lahlou@lse.ac.ukLondon School of Economics and Political ScienceЛондонская школа экономики и политических наукParis Institute for Advanced StudyПарижский институт перспективных исследований25082021182Theory of Social Representations around the WorldРазвитие теории социальных представлений в России и мирe31533101072021Copyright ©; 2021, Lahlou S.Copyright ©; 2021, Лалу С.2021Lahlou S.Лалу С.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/psychology-pedagogics/article/view/26906

This paper clarifies a long-standing ambiguity in the notion of social representations; it provides a clear operational definition of the relation between social representation and individual representation. This definition, grounded in the theory of sets, supports most current empirical investigation methods of social representations. In short, a social representation of an object in a population is the mathematical set of individual representations the individuals of that population have for this object. The components of the representation are the components used to describe this set, in intension in the mathematical sense of the term (in contrast with a definition in extension). Statistical techniques, as well as content analysis techniques, can construct such components by comparison of individual representations to extract commonalities, and that is what classic investigations on social representations indeed do. We then answer the question: how come that, in a given culture, individuals hold individual representations that are so similar to one another?

Проясняется давняя двусмысленность в толковании понятия социальных представлений и дается четкое операциональное определение отношения между «социальным представлением» и «индивидуальным представлением». Это определение, основанное на теории множеств, поддерживает большинство современных эмпирических методов исследования социальных представлений. Другими словами, социальное представление объекта в популяции - это математический набор индивидуальных представлений, которые индивиды данной популяции имеют относительно этого объекта. Компоненты представления трактуются как компоненты, используемые для описания этого множества в математическом смысле данного термина. Статистические методы, как и метод контент-анализа, могут создавать такие компоненты путем сравнения индивидуальных представлений для извлечения общих черт, и именно этому посвящены классические исследования социальных представлений. Предлагается ответ на вопрос: как получилось, что в конкретной культуре индивиды имеют индивидуальные представления, похожие друг на друга?

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