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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Psychology and Pedagogics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Psychology and Pedagogics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Психология и педагогика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-1683</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-1705</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">25369</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-1683-2020-17-4-637-655</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY ACROSS CULTURES AND NATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОЗИТИВНАЯ ПСИХОЛОГИЯ В РАЗНЫХ КУЛЬТУРАХ И СТРАНАХ МИРА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Personal Spiritual-Moral Qualities and Empathy as Components of Higher Moral Capacities: Verification of the Relationship based on a Russian Sample</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Духовно-нравственные качества личности и эмпатия как компоненты высших моральных способностей: верификация взаимосвязи на российской выборке</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ozhiganova</surname><given-names>Galina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ожиганова</surname><given-names>Галина Валентиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Psychology, is senior researcher at the Laboratory of Psychology of Abilities and Mental Resources named after V.N. Druzhinin</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат психологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории психологии способностей и ментальных ресурсов имени В.Н. Дружинина</p></bio><email>symposium2016@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Psychology of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт психологии Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Contemporary Positive Psychology in Russia and in the World</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Современная позитивная психология в России и мире</issue-title><fpage>637</fpage><lpage>655</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-12-28"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Ozhiganova G.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Ожиганова Г.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ozhiganova G.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ожиганова Г.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/psychology-pedagogics/article/view/25369">https://journals.rudn.ru/psychology-pedagogics/article/view/25369</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>For contemporary societies, psychological research on moral behaviour, moral manifestations and personality traits has acquired special relevance. In addition, the recent rise of positive psychology offers an important perspective on the study of spiritual-moral qualities (virtues), demonstrating the degree to which a person’s happiness in life relates to high spiritual-moral guidelines. Various aspects of personal spirituality, morality and empathy are actively being studied by international scientists; however, in Russian psychology, studies on this topic are scarce. Utilizing a Russian sample, such a study, including the context of higher moral capacities, was conducted for the first time. The theoretical part of this article addresses the issues related to the higher moral capacities, providing definitions and indicating difference between moral capacities and moral abilities: higher moral capacities appropriately belong to the category of spiritual capacities. As part of higher moral capacities, the following components are distinguished: spiritual-moral qualities as a manifestation of a spiritual altruistic orientation and empathy as a manifestation of moral feelings associated with decentration, empathic feeling and empathic care. The relationship between these components is analysed in the empirical part of the article. The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between indicators of personal spiritual-moral qualities and empathy. The data for the study were collected and processed using The Spiritual Personality Inventory by A. Husain, M. Anas (adapted by G.V. Ozhiganova) and The Interpersonal Reactivity Index by M. Davis (adapted by N.A. Budagovskaya, S.V. Dubrovskaya and T.D. Karyagina). The empirical study involved 90 high school students (girls represented 56% of the sample). The results confirmed our hypothesis: a correlation analysis revealed a relationship between indicators of personal spiritual-moral qualities and empathy in three aspects: (1) cognitive (the ‘Decentration’ scale), (2) affective (the ‘Empathic Feeling’ scale) and (3) behavioural (the ‘Empathic Care’ scale). No relationship was found with the ‘Personal Distress’ scale reflecting non-spiritual, egocentric tendencies. These findings allow us to consider spiritual-moral qualities (related to a spiritual altruistic orientation) and empathy (disclosed as ‘decentration’, ‘empathic feeling’ and ‘empathic care’) as components of higher moral capacities.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В современных условиях актуализируется проблематика психологического исследования морального поведения, нравственных проявлений и свойств личности, при этом важную роль в изучении духовно-нравственных качеств (добродетелей) играет позитивная психология, которая ассоциирует счастливую жизнь человека с высокими духовно-нравственными ориентирами. Изучение духовно-нравственных аспектов личности и эмпатии активно проводится зарубежными учеными, в то же время в отечественной психологии подобные исследования не являются распространенными. На российской выборке такое исследование, включающее контекст высших моральных способностей, проводится впервые. В теоретической части статьи рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с высшими моральными способностями, дается их определение и отмечается их отличие от моральных способностей: высшие моральные способности относятся к категории духовных способностей. В составе высших моральных способностей выделяются следующие компоненты: духовно-нравственные качества как проявление духовной альтруистической направленности и эмпатия как проявление нравственных чувств, связанных с децентрацией, сопереживанием, эмпатической заботой. Связь этих компонентов анализируется в эмпирической части статьи. Цель исследования - установить связь показателей духовно-нравственных качеств личности и эмпатии. Для исследования духовно-нравственных качеств личности использован опросник «Духовная личность» А. Хусейна, М. Анаса в адаптации Г.В. Ожигановой. Для исследования эмпатии применялся многофакторный опросник эмпатии М. Дэвиса в адаптации Н.А. Будаговской, С.В. Дубровской, Т.Д. Карягиной. В эмпирическом исследовании приняло участие 90 старшеклассников (56 % - девушки). Полученные результаты показали, что выдвинутая гипотеза нашла подтверждение: корреляционный анализ выявил наличие связи показателей духовно-нравственных качеств личности с эмпатией в трех ее аспектах: когнитивном (шкала «Децентрация»), аффективном (шкала «Сопереживание») и поведенческом (шкала «Эмпатическая забота»). Связи со шкалой «Личный дистресс», отражающей недуховные эгоцентрические тенденции, установлено не было. Это создает возможность рассмотрения духовно-нравственных качеств (имеющих отношение к духовной альтруистической направленности) и эмпатии (раскрывающейся как «Децентрация», «Сопереживание» и «Эмпатическая забота») в качестве компонентов высших моральных способностей.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>higher moral capacities</kwd><kwd>spiritual personality</kwd><kwd>spiritual-moral qualities</kwd><kwd>spiritual altruistic orientation</kwd><kwd>empathy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>высшие моральные способности</kwd><kwd>духовная личность</kwd><kwd>духовно-нравственные качества</kwd><kwd>духовная альтруистическая направленность</kwd><kwd>эмпатия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ahmad, A. (2015). Exploring the relationship between spiritual personality and emotional empathy among medical and Unani students. 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