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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Psychology and Pedagogics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Psychology and Pedagogics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Психология и педагогика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-1683</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-1705</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">24107</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-1683-2020-17-2-263-272</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CROSS-CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY AND MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРОСС-КУЛЬТУРНАЯ ПСИХОЛОГИЯ И МУЛЬТИКУЛЬТУРНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The question of school language in multilingual societies: the example of Ghana</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль языка школьного обучения в многоязычных обществах (на примере Ганы)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Appiah</surname><given-names>Samuel Opoku</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аппиах</surname><given-names>Самуэль Опоку</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en">Ghanaian student at the master program “Psycholinguistics of Intercultural Communication”</bio><bio xml:lang="ru">студент из Ганы, магистрант программы «Психолингвистика межкультурной коммуникации»</bio><email>agyapoku27@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ardila</surname><given-names>Alfredo</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ардила</surname><given-names>Альфредо</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en">PhD, is a Professor at the Institute of Linguistics and Intercultural Communication, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Moscow, Russia); Distinguished Professor at Albizu University (Miami, USA).</bio><bio xml:lang="ru">Ph.D., профессор Института лингвистики и межкультурной коммуникации, Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Москва, Россия); заслуженный профессор Университета Альбизу (Майами, США).</bio><email>ardilaalfredo@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Albizu University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Альбизу</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">PERSONALITY AND CHALLENGES OF MODERN SOCIETY</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ЛИЧНОСТЬ И ВЫЗОВЫ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ОБЩЕСТВА</issue-title><fpage>263</fpage><lpage>272</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-06-27"><day>27</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Appiah S.O., Ardila A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Аппиах С.О., Ардила А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Appiah S.O., Ardila A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аппиах С.О., Ардила А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/psychology-pedagogics/article/view/24107">https://journals.rudn.ru/psychology-pedagogics/article/view/24107</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en">The language used in school represents a crucial and polemic question in multilingual societies. Sub-Saharan Africa represents a world region with a significant linguistic diversity. Until recently, most of these countries were European colonies. During colonial times, the colonizer language generally dominated in schools. After their independence, many countries have continued using that language as the instructional language. It is observed that quite often, children are schooled in a second language, and teachers must teach in a foreign language. This situation results in potentially negative consequences affecting school learning. The specific example of Ghana is examined. It is pointed out that in Ghana during recent years frequent changes have been introduced in school language. Commonly, English is used as the primary school language. Because this association between language and school learning, speaking English provides not only significant social prestige, but also results in better working opportunities. The question of so-called “international schools” in Ghana is also examined; most of these schools do not teach any of the Ghanaian languages, but a foreign language, such as French, Spanish, or Portuguese. It is argued that these international schools may have adverse consequences on Ghanaian children who attend them. Ghana, however, has been a strong advocate of the so-called “African personality” and the use of English as the medium of instruction is in overt opposition to this ideology. It is concluded that children schooled in a second language, and teachers teaching in language that they do not master well enough may represent a potential barrier for the social, scientific, and economic development of sub-Saharan African countries, such as Ghana.</abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">Проблема языка, используемого в школьном обучении, является важной и дискуссионной в многоязычных обществах. Африка к югу от Сахары представляет собой регион мира со значительным лингвистическим разнообразием. До недавнего времени большинство из стран этого региона были европейскими колониями. В колониальные времена язык колонизаторов обычно доминировал и в школах. Даже после обретения независимости во многих из этих стран продолжилось использование языка колонизаторов в качестве языка обучения в школах. Соответственно, довольно часто дети обучаются на неродном (втором) языке, а учителя должны преподавать на иностранном языке. Эта ситуация ведет к потенциально негативным последствиям, влияющим на школьное обучение. В статье эта проблема рассматривается на примере Ганы. Отмечается, что в последние годы в Гане происходят изменения, связанные с языком школьного обучения. Часто английский язык используется в качестве языка обучения в начальной школе. Поскольку существует связь между языком и школьным обучением, говорение на английском языке обеспечивает не только значительный социальный престиж, но и приводит к улучшению перспектив трудоустройства. В статье также рассматривается вопрос о международных школах в Гане, большинство из которых не преподают ни один из ганских языков, но преподают иностранный языки, например, французский, испанский или португальский. Авторы считают, что посещение подобных международных школ может иметь неблагоприятные последствия для детей Ганы. Ведь в свое время Гана была активным сторонником так называемой африканской личности, однако использование английского языка в качестве языка школьного обучения явно противоречит этой идее. В итоге сделан вывод о том, что дети, обучающиеся на неродном (втором) языке, и учителя, преподающие на языке, которым они недостаточно хорошо владеют, могут представлять потенциальную угрозу для социального, научного и экономического развития стран Африки к югу от Сахары, таких как Гана.</trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multilingualism</kwd><kwd>Ghana</kwd><kwd>schooling</kwd><kwd>English</kwd><kwd>national languages</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>многоязычие</kwd><kwd>Гана</kwd><kwd>школьное обучение</kwd><kwd>английский язык</kwd><kwd>национальный язык</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Andoh-Kumi, K. (1994). Topics in Ghanaian language education (unpublished master’s thesis). University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Anyidoho, A., &amp; Dakubu, M.K. (2008). 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