RUDN Journal of Psychology and PedagogicsRUDN Journal of Psychology and PedagogicsВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Психология и педагогика2313-16832313-1705Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)2329610.22363/2313-1683-2020-17-1-64-78NEW TRENDS IN CROSS-CULTURAL RESEARCHНОВЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ КРОСС-КУЛЬТУРНЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙReview ArticleCross-Cultural Neuropsychology: History and ProspectsКросс-культурная нейропсихология: история и перспективыArdilaAlfredoАрдилаАльфредоPh.D. in Psychology, is Full Professor, Professor of Institute of Linguistics and Intercultural Communication at Sechenov University (Moscow, Russia) and Professor of Psychology Doctoral Program at Albizu University (Miami, USA).Ph.D., профессор Института лингвистики и межкультурной коммуникации Первого Московского государственного медицинского университета имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения РФ (Москва, Россия), профессор докторских программ по психологии Альбису университета (Майами, США).ardilaalfredo@gmail.comI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения РФAlbizu UniversityАльбису университет15122020171PERSONALIТY IN ТНE CONТEХТ OF DIALOGUE OF CULТURES. FOR TAТIANA G. SТEFANENKO’S ANNIVERSARYЛИЧНОСТЬ В КОНТЕКСТЕ ДИАЛОГА КУЛЬТУР. К ЮБИЛЕЮ ТАТЬЯНЫ ГАВРИЛОВНЫ СТЕФАНЕНКО647827032020Copyright ©; 2020, Ardila A.Copyright ©; 2020, Ардила А.2020Ardila A.Ардила А.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/psychology-pedagogics/article/view/23296It is proposed that cross-cultural neuropsychology analyzes the influence of cultural variables on cognition from a neurological perspective. It includes three major questions: 1. How are current neuropsychological tests affected by the cultural conditions? (2) Are there differences in the brain organization of cognition depending upon the culture? (3) How is brain pathology manifested in different cultural contexts? A history of cross-cultural neuropsychology is presented emphasizing that the interest in cultural issues is observed since the very beginning of neuropsychology. An analysis of culture is introduced, explaining how culture has been interpreted in different ways, but can be understood as the specific way of living of a human group. Further, it is discussed why culture is important in neuropsychology, followed by an analysis of some cultural variables. Special emphasis in schooling, considering that education represents a major variable affecting the performance in diverse cognitive tests. Several illustrative examples of research in cross-cultural neuropsychology are finally presented.В статье рассматривается кросс-культурная нейропсихология, которая анализирует влияние культурных переменных на познание с неврологической точки зрения. Выделены три основных вопроса кросс-культурной нейропсихологии: 1) как культурные условия влияют на существующие нейропсихологические? 2) существуют ли различия в мозговой организации познавательных процессов в зависимости от культуры? 3) как патология мозга проявляется в разных культурных контекстах? Представлена история кросс-культурной нейропсихологии, подчеркивается, что интерес к вопросам влияния культуры наблюдается с момента возникновения нейропсихологии. Проводится краткий анализ понятия «культура» с разных точек зрения, предлагается понимание культуры как особого образа жизни группы людей. Обсуждается, почему учет культуры важен для нейропсихологии, а также анализируются некоторые культурные переменные, имеющие первостепенное значение. Особое внимание уделяется школьному образованию, потому что образование представляет собой основную переменную, влияющую на успешность выполнения различных когнитивных тестов. В конце статьи представлены несколько примеров, иллюстрирующих основные направления исследований в кросс-культурной нейропсихологии.neuropsychologyculturecognitioncross-cultural psychologycognitive testingcross-cultural neuropsychologyнейропсихологиякультурапознаниекросс-культурная психологиякогнитивное тестированиекросс-культурная нейропсихологияAmerican Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). American Psychiatric Publications.Ardila, A. (1995). Directions of research in cross-cultural neuropsychology. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 17(1), 143-150.Ardila, A. (2005). Cultural values underlying cognitive psychometric test performance. Neuropsychology Review, 15, 185-195Ardila, A. (2007). Toward the development of a cross-linguistic naming test. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 22(3), 297-307.Ardila, A. (2018). Historical Development of Human Cognition. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978981-10-6887-4Ardila, A. (2019). A cross-linguistic comparison of category verbal fluency test (ANIMALS): a systematic review. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, acz060. https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acz060Ardila, A., & Moreno, S. (2001). Neuropsychological test performance in Aruaco Indians: An exploratory study. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 7(4), 510-515.Ardila, A., Bertolucci, P.H., Braga, L.W., Castro-Caldas, A., Judd, T., Kosmidis, M.H., & Rosselli, M. (2010). Illiteracy: the neuropsychology of cognition without reading. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 25(8), 689-712. https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acq079Arias, J., Mendoza, R., Levine, A., Mojena, S., & Wilsey, A. (2019). Current Practices in Cross-Cultural Neuropsychology: A Survey of Providers' Use of Appropriate Normative Data and Views on a Web-based Approach to the Collection and Dissemination of Normative Data for Spanish-speaking Populations. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 34(7), 1236-1236. https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acz029.03Berry, J.E., Poortinga, Y.H., Breugelmans, S.N., & Chasiotis, A. (2002). Cross-cultural Psychology: Research and Applications. New York: Cambridge University PressBerry, J.W. (2003). Conceptual Approaches to Acculturation. American Psychological AssociationBrickman, A.M., Cabo, R., & Manly, J.J. (2006). Ethical issues in cross-cultural neuropsychology. Applied Neuropsychology, 13(2), 91-100Byrd, D., Arentoft, A., Scheiner, D., Westerveld, M., & Baron, I. S. (2008). State of multicultural neuropsychological assessment in children: Current research issues. Neuropsychology Review, 18(3), 214-222Chiao, J.Y., Li, S.C., Turner, R., Lee-Tauler, S.Y., & Pringle, B.A. (2017). Cultural neuroscience and global mental health: addressing grand challenges. Culture and Brain, 5(1), 4-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40167-016-0045-4Cole, M., Gay, J., Glick, J.A., & Sharp, D.W. (Eds.). (1971). The Cultural Context of Learning and Thinking. New York: Basic BooksDuggan, E. (2019). Disseminating Cultural Neuropsychology Research: Five Key Recommendations for Skill Development. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 34(7), 1297-1297. https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acz029.64Duggan, E.C., Awakon, L.M., Loaiza, C.C., & Garcia-Barrera, M.A. (2019). Contributing towards a cultural neuropsychology assessment decision-making framework: Comparison of WAIS-IV norms from Colombia, Chile, Mexico, Spain, United States, and Canada. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 34(5), 657-681. https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acy074Fernández, A.L., & Abe, J. (2018). Bias in cross-cultural neuropsychological testing: problems and possible solutions. Culture and Brain, 6(1), 1-35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40167-017-0050-2Fletcher-Janzen, E., Strickland, T.L., & Reynolds, C.R. (2000). Handbook of Cross-Cultural Neuropsychology. Springer ScienceGálvez-Lara, M., Moriana, J.A., Vilar-López, R., Fasfous, A.F., Hidalgo-Ruzzante, N., & PérezGarcía, M. (2015). Validation of the Cross-Linguistic Naming Test: A naming test for different cultures? A preliminary study in the Spanish population. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 37(1), 102-112. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2014.1003533Garratt, L.C., & Kelly, T.P. (2007). To what extent does bilingualism affect children's performance on the NEPSY? Child Neuropsychology, 14(1), 71-81Golden, C.J., & Thomas R.B. (2000). Cross-Cultural Applications of the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Test Battery and Lurian Principles of Syndrome Analysis. In: E. Fletcher-Janzen, T.L. Strickland, & C.R. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of CrossCultural Neuropsychology. Boston, MA: SpringerGreenfield, P.M. (1997). You can't take it with you: Why ability assessments don't cross cultures. American Psychologist, 52(10), 1115Handwerker, W.P. (2016). The Origin of Cultures: How Individual Choices Make Cultures Change. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315417738Harris, M. (1988). Culture, People, Nature: An Introduction to General Anthropology. 5th ed. New York: Harper & RowHouse, R.J. (2004). An overview of the GLOBE research program. Transformative Organizations: A Global Perspective, 483Huntington, S. (2005). Who Are We?: The Challenges to America's National Identity. New York: Free PressJacobs, D.M., Sano, M., Albert, S., Schofield, P., Dooneief, G., & Stern, Y. (1997). Crosscultural neuropsychological assessment: A comparison of randomly selected, demographically matched cohorts of English-and Spanish-speaking older adults. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 19(3), 331-339Kennepohl, S. (1999). Toward a cultural neuropsychology: An alternative view and a preliminary model. Brain and Cognition, 41(3), 365-380Kwon, A.Y., Vallotton, C.D., Kiegelmann, M., & Wilhelm, K.H. (2018). Cultural diversification of communicative gestures through early childhood: A comparison of children in English-, German, and Chinese-speaking families. Infant Behavior and Development, 50, 328-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2017.10.003Lecours, A., Mehler, J., Parente, M.A., Beltrami, M.C., de Tolipan, L.C., Cary, L., & Delgado, R. (1988). Illiteracy and brain damage 3: A contribution to the study of speech and language disorders in illiterates with unilateral brain damage (initial testing). Neuropsychologia, 26(4), 575-589Luria, A.R. (1932/1976). Cognitive development: Its cultural and social foundations. Boston: Harvard University PressLuria, A.R. (1946/1960). Traumatic aphasia: Its Syndromes, Psychology and Treatment. Walter de GruyterLuria, A.R. (1966). Human Brain and Psychological Processes. New York Harper & RowManly, J.J. (2008). Critical issues in cultural neuropsychology: Profit from diversity. Neuropsychology Review, 18(3), 179Matthews, C.G. (1992). Truth in labeling: Are we really an international society? Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 14(3), 418-426Melikyan, Z.A., Puente, A.E., & Agranovich, A.V. (2020). Cross-Cultural Comparison of Rural Healthy Adults: Russian and American Groups. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, acz071. https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acz071Morain, G. (1991). Understanding Cultural Differences: Germans, French and Americans. Modern Language Journal, 75(1), 135-136Nell, V. (1999). Cross-cultural Neuropsychological Assessment: Theory and Practice. Psychology PressNielsen, T.R., Segers, K., Vanderaspoilden, V., Bekkhus-Wetterberg, P., Minthon, L., Pissiota, A., & Waldemar, G. (2018). Performance of middle-aged and elderly European minority and majority populations on a Cross-Cultural Neuropsychological Test Battery (CNTB). The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 32(8), 1411-1430. https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2018.1430256Nikolaou, F., & Constantinidou, F. (2019). Education and Gender Effects for Greek HVLT: Implications for Cross Cultural Neuropsychology. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 100(10), e66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2019.08.186Pedraza, O., & Mungas, D. (2008). Measurement in cross-cultural neuropsychology. Neuropsychology Review, 18(3), 184-193Puente, A.E., Muñoz-Céspedes, J.M., Iruarrizaga, I., Miguel-Tobal, J., & Cano-Vindel, A. (2000). The Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery and culturally dissimilar individuals. In C. Golden, W. Warren, & P. Espe-Pfeiffer (Eds.), Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery handbook 20th anniversary (pp. 227-238). Los Angeles, CA: Western Publishing CoRitchie, S.J., & Tucker-Drob, E.M. (2018). How much does education improve intelligence? A metaanalysis. Psychological Science, 29(8), 1358-1369. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797618774253Rosselli, M., & Ardila, A. (2003). The impact of culture and education on non-verbal neuropsychological measurements: A critical review. Brain and Cognition, 52, 326-333Scribner, S., Cole, M., & Cole, M. (1981). The Psychology of Literacy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University PressSwadesh, M. (1966). El Lenguaje y la Vida Humana. México: Fondo de Cultural Economica. Uzzell, B., Pontón, M.O., & Ardila, A. (2013). International Handbook of Cross-Cultural Neuropsychology. New York: Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203936290Vygotsky, L.S. (1934-1962). Thought and Language. Boston: The MIT PressWilliams, W.M., & Ceci, S.J. (1997). Are Americans becoming more or less alike? Trends in race, class, and ability differences in intelligence. American Psychologist, 52(11), 1226Wundt, W. (1900). Völkerpsychologie [Cultural Psychology]. Leipzig: Engelmann, LeipzigZhang, J., Zhong-qin, C.H.E.N., & Ben-yan, L.U.O. (2016). The differences of visual word form processing mechanism between Chinese and Western pure alexia. Chinese Journal of Contemporary Neurology & Neurosurgery, 16(5), 258