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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Полилингвиальность и транскультурные практики</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2618-897X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2618-8988</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">45375</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2618-897X-2025-22-2-265-273</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">PFDRCL</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ESSAY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭССЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Bilingualism: Research Problems</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Проблемы исследования билингвизма</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alexandrova</surname><given-names>Nina Sh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Александрова</surname><given-names>Нина Шалвовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en">independent researcher, a specialist in the field of bilingual education, a speech therapist</bio><bio xml:lang="ru">независимый исследователь, специалист в области билингвального обучения, логопед</bio><email>nina.alexandrova@gmx.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><institution></institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-07-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 22, NO2 (2025)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 22, №2 (2025)</issue-title><fpage>265</fpage><lpage>273</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-08-02"><day>02</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Alexandrova N.S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Александрова Н.Ш.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Alexandrova N.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Александрова Н.Ш.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/polylinguality/article/view/45375">https://journals.rudn.ru/polylinguality/article/view/45375</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>-</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>-</p></trans-abstract><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Aleksandrova, N.S. 1992. “Alexia in the structure of visual-gnostic disorders in patients with focal brain lesions.” In Speech pathology: history of study, diagnosis, overcoming. 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