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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Полилингвиальность и транскультурные практики</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2618-897X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2618-8988</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">39883</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2618-897X-2024-21-2-185-194</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">SZXTYT</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Language in System</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Языковая система</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Understanding the Meaning of a Sentence and Text</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Понимание смысла предложения и текста</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9836-5619</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3323-1648</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirov</surname><given-names>Evgeny F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киров</surname><given-names>Евгений Фролович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (In Philology), Professor, Professor of the Philology, Department of Human Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор филологических наук, профессор, профессор департамента филологии, Институт гуманитарных наук</p></bio><email>evg-kirov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow City University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский городской педагогический университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-06-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 21, NO2 (2024)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 21, №2 (2024)</issue-title><fpage>185</fpage><lpage>194</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-07-07"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Kirov E.F.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Киров Е.Ф.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kirov E.F.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Киров Е.Ф.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/polylinguality/article/view/39883">https://journals.rudn.ru/polylinguality/article/view/39883</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Thanks to the concept of G.P. Melnikov, the technology of text’s meaning understanding is clarified. In simple cases of understanding in the linguistic consciousness of a person, a group of mental actors plays out a small drama of a sentence / utterance, the script of which is set by a predicate (Seshe - Tenier). Here, understanding is equal to seeing the situation (mise en scene) and is the initial stage. At the second stage, what is seen is equated with a life metaphor or gestalt (Lakoff and Johnson). I.A. Melchuk and his Linguistic-combinatorial dictionary (created jointly with A. Zholkovsky) made up the third part of the theory of understanding, the fourth part of which should be considered the concept of speech actions by Austin and Searle. All these linguistic concepts agree well in the spirit of G.P. Melnikov’s systemology and form a theory of understanding as a whole. The problem of the multiple layers of the text is perfectly visible in the literary texts of Ch. Aimatov, whose 95th Anniversary coincided with a similar anniversary of G.P. Melnikov.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Благодаря концепции Г.П. Мельникова проясняется алгоритмика понимания смысла, заданного конкретным дискурсом. В простых случаях понимания в языковом сознании человека группой ментальных актеров-актантов разыгрывается маленькая драма предложения / высказывания, сценарий которой задан предикатом (Сеше - Теньер). Здесь понимание равно видению ситуации (мизансцены) и является начальным этапом. На втором этапе происходит приравнивание увиденного к жизненной метафоре или гештальту (Лакофф и Джонсон). И.А. Мельчук и его Лингво-комбинаторный словарь (созданный совместно с А. Жолковским) составил третью часть теории понимания, четвертой частью которой следует считать концепцию речевых действий Остина и Серля. Все эти лингвистические концепции хорошо согласуются в духе системологии Г.П. Мельникова и образуют в целом теорию понимания.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>actants</kwd><kwd>sirconstants</kwd><kwd>metaphor</kwd><kwd>proposition</kwd><kwd>RA</kwd><kwd>text</kwd><kwd>discourse</kwd><kwd>systemology</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>актанты</kwd><kwd>сирконстанты</kwd><kwd>метафора</kwd><kwd>пропозиция</kwd><kwd>РА</kwd><kwd>текст</kwd><kwd>дискурс</kwd><kwd>системология</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Seshe, A. 2003. Essay on logical structure proposition. Moscow: USSR publ. Print. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сеше А. Очерк логической структуры предложения. М.: УРСС, 2003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mustayoki, A., Sabitova, Z.K., Parmenova, T.V., and L.A. 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